【作者】 吕伟荣；

【导师】 施楚贤；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 结构工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 目前,配筋砌体结构在美国、欧洲、日本以及新西兰等发达国家被广泛地应用于建造高层房屋,尤其是在美国,配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构的建造高度与钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构基本一致。高层配筋砌体结构在我国则起步较晚,理论体系尚未完善,处于试点工程阶段。本文就砌体的基本受力性能和高层配筋砌块砌体剪力墙抗震性能两个方面进行研究,主要成果如下:1.以经典的平面破坏理论为基础,结合模糊数学中模糊理论,首次提出将三类典型的砌体剪压复合破坏形态划分为两个破坏区,即剪摩-剪压破坏区和剪压-斜压破坏区。在单一的破坏区内,运用权函数将对应于不同破坏形态的破坏理论有机地结合起来,推导出相应的砌体静力与动力抗剪强度计算公式。同时,针对现行规范中关于砌体抗剪强度设计值取值上的不合理之处加以改进,提出了基于上述破坏区理论的砌体抗震和非抗震抗剪强度设计值公式。2.通过对国内外大量灌芯砌体受压试验结果的分析,提出了适用于灌芯砌体受压各项力学性能参数(变形模量、极限应变、应力-应变曲线、泊松比等)的计算方法。同时,运用Kupfer破坏准则、变形协调及静力平衡条件,首次在理论分析的基础上提出将芯柱混凝土与砌块强度比fcu/fcb控制在(1.5~3.5)的合理范围内,为工程设计上合理选择灌芯砌体材料的强度等级提供了依据。3.通过对剪力墙结构的单开间框架支撑模型进行研究,提出了多开间的改进框架支撑模型,该模型可适用于不同层高宽比、不同材料以及框支、开洞等不同形式的剪力墙结构。与框支配筋砌块砌体剪力墙子结构拟动力试验结果对比表明,改进框架支撑模型能有效地反映剪力墙结构在地震作用下的弹塑性变形性能。4.根据国内外大量的研究资料,提出了适用于配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构的五个抗震性能水平,即充分运行、运行、基本运行、保障安全和接近倒塌,并给出了相应的判断标准。同时,对传统的模态Pushover方法加以了改进,即用能力谱法计算结构最大地震反应值取代时程分析法。计算结果表明,此方法既简单又有效。5.运用改进框架支撑模型模拟配筋砌块砌体剪力墙,分别对不同形式的高层配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构进行模态Pushover-能力谱法分析。计算结果表明,配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构具有良好的抗震变形能力,能满足地震区高层建筑的抗震要求。据此,对配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构房屋抗震设计时的最大适用高度提出建议,即改进了现行规范中全部落地剪力墙结构房屋最大适用高度,并填补了框支配筋砌块砌体剪力墙结构房屋最大适用高度规定上的空白。更多还原

【Abstract】 At current, Reinforced masonry structure is widely used to construct tall buildings in the developed countries such as America, Europe, Japan, New Zealand, etc. Especially in America, Reinforced block masonry shearwall structure can be built the same height with reinforced concrete shearwall structure.The beginning of research on the reinforced masonry of tall buildings was relative late in our country. Courrent reinforced masonry structure is not mature and only used to trial engineerings. Main achievements in this paper from two aspects, one is the basic mechanics performance of masonry, and the other is the seismic behaviors of reinforced masonry shearwall structure of tall buildings, as follows.Based on the classic failure of plane theory and introduced the fuzzy theory, the paper firstly presents that three kinds of masonry failure models under shear-compression loading can be divided into two failure regions, namely, one is the failure region of shear-friction and shear-compression, and the other is shear-compression and diagonal compression. By adopting the weight function to combine the classic failure theory to corresponding failure model, the paper presents the formula of shear strength of masonry and simplifies it. Meanwhile, in view of some questions in calculating masonry shear strength existing in current coeds, the design formulae of the static and seismic shear strength of masonry based on failure region theory is put forward.Through the analysis of compressive experimental study on grouted concrete masonry, the basic mechanic performances parameter of grouted concrete masonry, such as deformation modulus, ultimate strain, stress-stain curve, Poisson ratio and so on, is improved. Meanwhile, by using the Kupfer’s failure rule, deformation coordination and equilibrium of static force, the reasonable strength ratio range (1.5~3.5) of grouted concrete to block (fcu/fcb), which will be helpful to the compressive strength of grouted concrete and block into full play, is firstly deduced from the theory.The multi-bays frame-brace model is presented for different shearwall structures, such as different height-width ratio of floor, material, frame-supported and opening, that is improved in the single bay frame-brace model. The application of the model to shearwall structure gives good simulations of the nonlinear behavior under earthquake.According to the domestic and foreign research, five seismic performance levels and their corresponding judgment standards, namely full operation, operation, basic operation, life safety and collapse prevention, are presented. At the same time, by improving the traditional pushover method, the method of combined the modal pushover analysis (called MPA) with capacity-spectrum is presented. The calculating results indicate that the improved analysis method is simple and validity.By using the improved frame-brace model, the improved analysis method of different types of reinforced masonry shearwall in tall building was done. The calculated results show that the reinforced concrete masonry shearwall structure had good seismic deformation capacity and caould satisfy the seismic request of tall buildings in seismic area. Therefore, the height limit value of such structures should be appropriately increased in the current standards is suggested.更多还原