【作者】 王炳春；

【导师】 梁学庆；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 农业遥感与土地利用， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 农地资源是指用于从事农业生产的土地，是土地资源的重要组成部分，包括耕地、园地、林地、草地、农田水利用地和养殖水面等。农地资源安全是指一个国家或地区可以持续、稳定、及时、足量和经济地获取，并能保障人类健康和高效能生产及高质量生活的农业土地资源的状态和能力，它包括数量、质量和生态伦理等多方面内容。深刻挖掘农地资源安全的内涵，把握农地资源安全的特征，依照科学发展观，保护和利用宝贵的农地资源，对于农地资源的持续高效利用、社会主义新农村建设和社会经济可持续发展意义重大。它的安全与否，关乎食物需求的满足、和谐社会经济发展和生态伦理安全保障，对人类社会的生存与发展产生基础性影响。由于我国对农地资源稀缺性认识不足，再加上人口增长、生活质量提高和社会经济的不断发展，使得农地资源损失数量过快，人均占有量不断降低，碎化程度加剧，肥力下降，生态环境恶化，农地资源安全已成为国人普遍关注的问题。本文以“中国农地资源安全问题”为研究对象，按照系统工程思想，运用土地资源稀缺理论、土地利用外部性理论、人地和谐共生理论、生态安全科学理论、法经济学理论等，在深入调研的基础上，采用理论与实践相结合、实证分析与规范分析相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合、系统分析等研究方法，对中国农地资源安全问题进行了较为深入、系统的研究。从过去的对粮食安全的研究、耕地安全的研究，拓展到农业全领域的土地资源安全问题，希望对农地资源安全的关注尽早从学术研究向实际运作转变，扭转农地资源安全状况日益恶化的局面，力争使所提建议和对策既具有实际可操作性，又具有长远指导性，彻底更新人们对于农地资源安全问题的认识。本文从中国农地资源现状入手，就农地资源安全问题进行深入研究。(1)对选题及相关问题做简单介绍；(2)从土地安全科学的理论视角，探讨了农地资源安全的缘起、概念及其相关理论，概括了农地资源安全的特征，指出了影响农地资源安全的因素；(3)从数量、质量和生态三个方面阐述中国农地资源现状，分析造成的原因；(4)对农地资源生态伦理安全、利用安全、食物安全、社会保障安全等展开研讨；(5)从法经济学角度，兼顾公平与效率，对农地资源产权安全、征用和流转、市场运行状态、战略安全等进行研究；(6)研究农地资源安全评价的意义、原则、指标体系、安全度划分等，并运用这些理论方法对中国农地资源安全做宏观评价；(7)提出农地资源安全监测和预警方法，并阐述了中国农地资源安全监测和预警的意义、层次结构和功能要求；(8)提出树立科学发展观，普及资源安全教育，强化农地资源安全管理，改革城乡二元结构，建设农村社保体系，加强对农地资源安全的技术支持等保证中国农地资源安全的具体对策。本文的研究有利于促进土地安全和国家安全体系的建立，有利于国家的政治安全和社会稳定，有利于保障全球及区域的生态环境安全，有利于人类文明的传承和延续，同时也希望能为我国的国土资源安全管理事业，为社会主义和谐农村建设做出一点贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agricultural land resources refer to the lands employed to deal with agricultural production,which are the important parts of the land resources and include farming lands, garden plots, forestlands, meadow lands, the lands for irrigation, the water for breeding, etc. The security of theagricultural land resources refers to a situation in which a country or a prefecture can get theresources in a sustainable, stable, timely, sufficient and economical way, and an ability to ensurehuman health, efficient production and high-grade living. This security includes quantity, quality,and ecological moral and so on. Deeply understanding the intension of this security and graspingthe features of it are significant for sustainable and efficient utilization of agricultural landresources, and for the construction of the new socialist rural villages. The security of theagricultural land resources has effects on the satisfaction of demand for food, the economicdevelopment of the harmonious society, the security of ecological moral, and the existence anddevelopment of the human society.In China, the loss of agricultural land resources rapidly increases, per capita quantitycontinually decreases, fragmentation degree intensifies, fertility declines, ecological environmentdeteriorates, and the security of agricultural land resources has become a general problem ofChinese.This paper focuses on the security problem of agricultural land resources, and applies someresearch methods—combination of theory and practice, combination of real evidence analysis andspecifications analysis, combination of classification analysis and quantity analysis, systemanalysis, etc.—to deeply and systematically study the security problem of China’s agricultural landresources on a basis of investigation and research in accordance with the theory of system project,the theory of land resources security, the theory of land utilization externality, the theory ofmutualism, the theory of ecological security and the theory of judicial economics. The paperstudies the food security, the farming land security and extends to the security problem ofagricultural land resources in the whole agricultural field. It hopes that people will pay attention tothis problem not only in an academic way but also in a practical way so that the deterioratingsituation of security problem of agricultural land resources can be changed, the proposals and thecountermeasures become both practical and instructional, and people’s knowledge of the securityproblem will be completely refreshened.Beginning with the actualities of the security of China’s agricultural land resources, the paperdeeply discusses the security problem of agricultural land resources.(1)It briefly introduces the subject and related problems;(2)in the view of land security science, it discusses the source,definition and related theories of security of agricultural land recourses, generalizes the features ofsecurity of agricultural land resources, and points out the factors which affect security ofagricultural land resources; (3)it presents the actualities of the security of China’s agricultural landresources in terms of quantity, quality, ecology, and analyze the reasons; (4)it discusses ecologicalmoral security, utilization security, food security, social security, etc; (5)it focuses on thesignificance, principles, target system, and the security degree division of security assessment ofagricultural land resources, and give s macroscopic assessment to security of agricultural landresources in China; (6)in the view of judicial economics and taking both equality and efficiencyinto consideration, the paper discusses the property security, requisition and circulation, marketsecurity, strategy security of agricultural land resources; (7)it puts forward security monitoring andearly warning theory, and presents the meaning, structure and function requirements of securitymonitoring and early warning of China’s agricultural land resources; (8)it poses that China shouldestablish scientific development approach, popularize resources security education, reinforcesecurity management of agricultural land resources, reform the urban and rural structure, establishrural social security system, enhance the technical support to security of agricultural land resources.All these measures can ensure the security of China’s agricultural land resources.The study in this paper will contribute to the establishment of land security and state securitysystem, to the political security and the social stability, to the global, prefectural and ecologicalenvironment security, and to the accession of human civilization. At the same time, I hope that thepaper can make contribution to China’s security management of land resources, and to theconstruction of new socialist rural villages.更多还原