【作者】 王孝义；

【导师】 张友良；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 合理的产品装配序列对装配效率的提高、装配成本的降低和装配质量的保证有着重要影响。随着产品复杂性的提高和交货期的缩短，快速、有效地获取产品的优化装配序列已经成为激烈市场竞争环境下企业产品开发的一个必然要求。另一方面，计算机仿真技术、人工智能技术和信息处理技术的飞速发展，为产品装配序列规划技术向着数字化、智能化方向发展提供了条件。因此研究数字化预装配环境下复杂产品装配序列快速规划具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。总结了目前国内外有关装配序列规划的研究方法，分析了它们的困难和不足，提出了复杂产品人机协同装配序列两级规划技术。提出了产品装配序列分级规划的思想，在此基础上，提出了装配序列系统级快速规划、支持重构的装配模型及其算法以及装配序列作业级快速规划等一整套装配序列规划技术与方法，实现了交互装配序列规划与自动装配序列规划的有机结合，保证了装配序列规划结果的有效性和规划过程的快速性。提出了基于产品层次结构树重构的装配序列系统级快速规划方法。由工艺人员在数字化预装配环境和产品装配模型的支持下，直接对设计阶段生成的产品层次结构树进行方便的交互重构，实现面向装配生产的子装配体再划分，快速生成满足实际生产需要的产品装配结构树。提出了重构行为有效性和几何可行性的检验算法，以保证子装配体再划分的高效性和正确性。同时，提出了子装配体内部分离运动自由度分析模型的具体计算方法和运算规则，给出了子装配体非稳定性判定条件以及非稳定子装配体的装夹零件选择算法和选用原则，为高效获得合理的装配序列系统级规划方案提供支持。给出了装配模型的信息组成及其总体结构，分析了支持重构的装配模型的基本要求，提出了一种基于装配关系元的产品装配关系模型表达方法，为复杂产品层次结构树的动态重构提供装配模型的灵活维护机制。提出了详细的装配关系变更维护算法以及装配位姿维护方法，实现数字化预装配系统在产品结构树重构过程中自动维护装配模型的一致性、完整性和正确性。提出了基于快速模糊评价的装配序列作业级规划方法。构建了一个具有开放结构的评价指标体系，提出了基于有向图的活动序列相似度的快速计算方法，给出了可行作业级装配序列对基于单因素指标装配性能优良的隶属度的计算原理与计算方法，在上述两方法的支持下，完成单条可行作业级装配序列的快速模糊评判，采用模拟退火算法进行优化作业级装配序列的搜索选择，获取作业级装配序列的全局最优解或近优解。提出了数字化预装配系统的体系结构，研究了CAD系统与数字化预装配系统之间的信息集成方法以及物体间分层递进的碰撞检测方法等有关数字化预装配环境关键实现技术，采用组件化的软件开发方法初步开发了一个数字化预装配系统DPAS以及集成在DPAS中的装配序列规划原型系统RASPS-DPAS，并进行了装配序列规划的实例验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Optimal product assembly sequence has great influence on the improvement ofassembly efficiency, the reduction of assembly cost and the upgrading of assembly quality.Nowadays, with the increasing complexity and shorter development cycle of products,rapidly getting optimal product assembly sequence will effectively help enterprises to winmarket competition with shorter time, higher quality, lower cost and better service. On theother hand, the progress of some related technique, including computer simulation,artificial intelligence and information process, lays the foundation for the digitalization andintelligentization of assembly sequence planning. Therefore, research and development ofassembly sequence rapid planning for complex product in digital pre-assemblyenvironment is very important in both theory study and engineering application.Based on the all-sided summary of previous assembly sequence planning methods andthe analysis of the difficulty and deficiency of these methods, a human-computercollaborative two-level design theory and method is presented in the dissertation forassembly sequence planning of complex products. Some key techniques of assemblysequence planning, such as structure-level assembly sequence rapid planning,reorganizable assembly model and its reorganizing algorithms, and operation-levelassembly sequence planning, are further researched and implemented. The abovetechniques and approaches have integrated interactive planning with automatic planning ofassembly sequence, to ensure the goodness and efficiency of assembly sequence planning.The structure-level assembly sequence rapid planning method, which is based on thereorganization of product hierarchy structure tree, is presented. With the support of digitalpre-assembly environment and product assembly model, technologists can reorganizedirectly and conveniently the product hierarchy structure tree built in the design stage.Through the above reorganization, they can perform subassembly repartition to satisfy thedemand of assembly process, and rapidly create the product assembly structure treemeeting production requirement. The validating method is given to ensure the correctnessand rationality of reorganization. Furthermore, the calculation method of degree ofseparation freedom of subassembly is expatiated on. The rules and algorithm of selectingclamped part among unstable subassembly are given to assist designing clamping scheme.The information and structure of assembly model are presented. On the basis of analysisof the basic requirements for supporting reorganization, a representation method for product assembly relationship model using assembly relationship element, is proposed toprovide a flexible maintenance mechanism for dynamic reorganizing the hierarchicalstructure tree of product. Moreover, the detailed maintenance algorithm for assemblyrelationship change and the method for assembly pose maintenance are given, which areresponsible for automatically maintaining the consistency, integrality and correctness ofassembly model during reorganizing the structure tree.The operation-level assembly sequence planning method based on rapid fuzzyevaluation is researched. Firstly an open evaluating index system is proposed. Then a rapidcalculation method of the similarity degree between activity sequences based on directedgraph is put forward. The calculation method of goodness membership grade of feasibleoperation-level assembly sequence is introduced as well. Applying the above two methods,the fuzzy evaluation result for every feasible operation-level assembly sequence can berapidly achieved. On the basis of the above study, an optimization model foroperation-level assembly sequences planning using simulated annealing algorithm isproposed.The architecture of digital pre-assembly system (DPAS) is presented. The keyimplementation technologies, such as the information integration between CAD and DPASsystem and the collision detection, are researched. At the end of this dissertation, theapplication of the DPAS system, which is developed by COM techniques, is introduced.更多还原