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物流信息平台构建与应用研究

Study on Construction and Application of Logistics Information Platform

【作者】 李力

【导师】 程国平;

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2006, 博士

【摘要】 在我国,随着经济结构和经济形势的发展和变化,物流产业越来越得到重视,很多地区开始推进区域物流产业的发展。但是在这一过程中,由于物流信息化进程滞后,物流统计不成体系,物流企业信息化建设成本高等一系列问题,造成宏观上政府难于对微观物流活动进行掌握和调控,微观上各企业信息系统间难以沟通,企业对宏观经济变量影响的分析和预测缺乏定量方法,无法采取相应的风险规避措施等。针对以上物流实践和理论研究中的问题,本论文通过对物流相关理论,统计理论和数据挖掘技术的研究,设计出一套相对完整的物流统计指标体系,用作物流分析的数据来源和基础;在此之上,将数据挖掘技术与物流信息系统有机的结合起来,构造了一个基于数据挖掘的综合物流信息平台;将宏观因素指标量化后作为一个重要参考因素引进到微观层次物流分析中,并通过在物流信息平台上运用VECM模型算法进行物流分析与预测,实现了宏观层面与微观层次的有效互动,为这些问题的解决提供了一个有效的参考方案。全文共由八章构成。第一章首先对物流的内涵,现代物流的形成、发展与作用等问题进行了分析,对国内外物流发展状况和物流理论研究现状进行了综述。第二章对作为主要的理论基础的物流与供应链理论和信息资源管理理论进行了阐述和分析。对物流管理的目标和基本内容进行概述,给出了物流需求模型,并指出物流需求与预测的重要意义及一般预测步骤。从分析信息资源管理的内涵入手,探讨了信息资源管理的基本作用、信息资源管理理论的集成思想以及信息系统发展路径。第三章通过对物流企业、工商企业、政府部门三方面的信息需求分析,确立了物流信息平台的建设目标;研究了信息的共享机制与策略,确定物流综合信息平台的整合模式,提出了物流信息平台的功能分层逻辑模型,并由此确定了物流信息平台的总体框架与系统功能。第四章对物流业做出界定,指出国内宏观和微观层面的物流研究严重失衡,即宏观经济和微观企业的研究相互脱节。进而对物流统计指标体系进行了研究,物流统计是政府宏观决策的需要,物流统计更是物流企业市场预测的需要。但是,迄今为止,我国还没有一套比较完整系统的现代物流统计指标体系和方法体系,本文对物流统计指标制定以及物流统计方法运用进行了探索,形成了一套较为科学、合理反映物流运行情况的统计指标体系,作为信息平台的数据分析基础,使其能有效的满足宏、微观应用的需要。第五章对基于数据挖掘的物流信息平台的关键技术进行了研究。数据挖掘与数据仓库技术可以很好地解决庞大的物流统计数据的分析难题,通过物流信息平台作为中介能同时满足宏观物流统计和微观物流预测与分析的需要。本文还将VECM模型运用到数据挖掘过程中,设计出基于VECM模型的算法,考虑多个因素与物流变动之间的关系和影响,从宏观层面上对物流长期趋势做预判,并通过脉冲响应函数(IRF)和方差分解(MSE)技术分析影响物流量变动主要因素及其作用,指导企业的预测与决策。第六章给出基于数据挖掘的综合物流信息平台的实现方式,通过此平台能进行高效率的信息传输,沟通物流系统的宏、微观层面,服务于物流企业建设和政府调控。第七章将基于数据挖掘的区域物流信息平台应用在桥口区的物流发展预测与规划之中,使前面的理论得到了验证。文章的最后对本文的主要内容进行了总结,并就研究的下一步发展方向进行了展望。

【Abstract】 In our country, with the development and change of economic structure and economic situation, logistics industry also has been important, more and more areas want to develop the local logistics.In this conversion process, there came into being a series of problem, such as the rule-less logistical activity, lagged logistical informational, faulty logistics statistics. Governments lack the regulate instrument; Logistical corporation can’t offer the exorbitant informational cost and differed information system can’t communicate; corporations be pressed for the capability to analyze the influence of macroscopically economy and elude relevant risk.In view of the above mentioned, this paper based on the correlation theory of logistic, the statistical theory and the data mining technology research, designs a set of relative integrity system of logistic statistical indicators, serving ass the data origin and the foundation. And then, combine the data mining technology and the thing the information system organically, structures a logisti-c information platform based on the data mining synthesis; introduces the macroscopic factor to logistic in the data analysis, and uses the VECM model algorithm to carry on the analysis and the forecast. That realizes the effective interaction of macroscopic factors and the microscopic level, providing an effective reference plan.The dissertation is composed of eight chapters.In chapter one, the thesis introduce connotation, functions and characteristics of modem logistics, form and evolution of logistics industry and knowledge. Summarize the disquisitions and development of logistics in domestic and overseas.In chapter two, the author researched the logistics theory, integration theory, information management theory as the theoretic foundation of this dissertation.Chapter three, studies the share mechanism and strategy of information; confirms the conformity model of the Information Platform; succeeds the collectivity framework of the Information Platform and designed the relevant function module.Chapter four Defines logistics industry in our country, points out that the research of logistics in microcosmic and macroscopically is unbalance badly. Moreover, this dissertation provided a way to improve Logistics Statistics System of China in the light of studying current logistics industry, and its statistics system. Chapter five leads in the VECM model to logistics forecast, estimates the development of logistics from macrostructure by considering t-he effect of multivariables. Analyze the main factor and effect to logistics by IRF and MSE.Chapter six Constructs a logistics information platform based on co integration theory and method. And design the structure, content, function, and key technology.Chapter seven applies a method and technology for theoretical study of logistics system forecast to the logistics programming of Qiao Kou. And get a good effect, it also provides a normative method and thread for the logistics forecasting practice.The end of this paper summarizes main points, and looks forward to the nest steps of studied.

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