【作者】 魏众；

【导师】 石定寰；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 系统工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 近年来，随着集装箱船舶船型的逐渐增大，集装箱码头吞吐量不断攀升。受现代物流与供应链理念的影响，来自船公司与客户的敏捷化、准时化、柔性化的服务需求日益增长，如何快速装卸集装箱已经成为集装箱码头面临解决的热点问题之一。与早期的集装箱码头相比，现今的码头基础设施有了一定的改观，但受码头的土地资源、搬运设备和物流作业流程的影响与制约，码头资源设备日趋紧张，码头硬件基础设施的改善速度已经滞后于集装箱吞吐量的增长速度。因此，在通过改善码头硬件环境提升码头功能受到制约的条件下，码头物流作业的紧迫现实要求进一步改善码头的软件环境，提升码头物流作业管理水平。集装箱物流作业是集装箱码头的核心业务，码头搬运设备优化调度是物流作业管理的核心环节。因此，集装箱码头搬运设备调度的优劣直接决定着码头的物流作业效率和服务水平。本文以集装箱码头物流作业系统为研究对象，在系统地分析码头物流作业基础之上，对集装箱码头物流作业系统集成优化、集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度等问题进行了深入研究。本文研究内容主要包括以下几个方面：(1)集装箱码头物流作业系统集成优化研究集装箱码头物流作业系统是一个随机、动态的复杂系统。集装箱码头物流作业各个环节最优，组成的物流作业系统不一定最优；反之，物流作业系统最优不一定要求每个作业环节最优。因此，为了提高集装箱码头的物流作业效率，在分析集装箱码头物流作业系统各要素、码头物流作业系统集成原理与方法体系的基础之上，本文提出了集装箱码头物流作业系统集成优化模式，以物流作业流程集成、物流作业信息集成和物流作业管理集成等三种途径对作业系统进行集成优化。同时给出了集装箱码头物流作业系统集成度定义，并通过相关指标因素对其进行评价。(2)集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度理论研究由于集装箱码头物流作业流程集成是集装箱码头物流作业系统集成的核心，物流作业流程集成的实质是在作业过程中对集装箱码头的搬运设备进行集成优化调度。因此，在系统地分析集装箱码头搬运设备作业基础上，对码头搬运设备集成优化调度问题进行深入研究，本文给出了集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度的定义，研究分析了搬运设备集成优化调度的意义与总体思路，给出了集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度的作业条件。(3)集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度模型与算法研究在集装箱船舶装载物流作业过程中，本文构建了集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度模型，设计了过滤集束搜索算法对模型求解的计算流程，通过模型求解确定最优装载集装箱作业顺序。在码头集装箱装载物流作业链上，按相关作业原则集成优化调度各搬运设备。通过码头物流作业案例，比较分析了普通调度作业模式与集成优化调度作业模式的码头物流作业效率。(4)集装箱码头轮胎式龙门吊优化调度研究在集装箱船舶装载作业过程中，堆场内轮胎式龙门吊作业是起始作业环节。因此，轮胎式龙门吊作业直接影响着集装箱装载物流链上后续的搬运设备作业。由于轮胎式龙门吊体积大，作业速度慢，龙门吊作业已经成为码头物流作业的“瓶颈”之一。受轮胎式龙门吊在各段位内作业量的不平衡性影响，该设备在作业过程中需要在段位之间移动。本文研究了给定作业条件下的轮胎式龙门吊优化调度问题，构建了龙门吊优化调度模型，设计模型求解算法，计算了各段位内轮胎式龙门吊作业最早结束时间及制定龙门吊在段位之间移动的作业调度方案，为搬运设备集成优化调度顺利实施提供龙门吊作业环节保障。(5)基于Multi-Agent的集装箱码头物流作业调度系统实现初步在集装箱码头物流作业过程中，为了把集装箱码头搬运设备集成优化调度与码头物流作业实践相结合，以Agent平台为载体，本文探索性地研究了基于Multi-Agent的集装箱码头物流作业调度系统实现初步，为今后开发与应用该作业调度系统提供决策支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the China economy has been increasing continuously in the recent years, the throughput of the container terminal is always amazingly increased. Under the influence of logistics and supply chain management, demands for fast, just-in-time and precise service from the carriers and the clients become much urgent, how to quickly load and unload containers in container terminal turns to be one of the hottest problem needed to be solved. Compared with the container terminals in earlier times, the infrastructures and facilities of current terminals have been increasingly improved. However, with the limited resources of land use, handling equipments and logistics processing, the terminal resources and facilities are increasingly stressed, the speed of improving basic facilities has lagged behind the increasing speed of the container throughput. Therefore, considered that terminal function enhanced by improving the hardware environment of the terminal is restricted, the urgent demands of logistics terminal operations need more ’soft’ environment support, such as the terminal logistics operation management. Container logistics operation is the core activity in the container terminal, and optimization scheduling of the terminal handling equipments is the core sector of logistics operation management, which directly affects the efficiency of logistics operation and the service level.This paper takes container terminal logistic operation system as the research object, make a research on integrated optimization of the container terminal handling equipments with the focus of the terminal logistics operation flow integration, based on the systematical analysis of the terminal logistics operation. The research covers the following aspects:(1) Research on Integration Optimization of the Container Terminal Logistics Operation SystemThe container terminal logistics operation is a stochastic, dynamic and complex system. The whole logistics operation system is not certainly optimal even if every link of the container terminal logistics operation is optimal. Conversely, the optimal logistics operation system doesn’t require that every link of operation is the optimal. Therefore, the idea of integrated optimization of logistics operation system is proposed in this paper to gain the logistics operational efficiency of container terminal based on analyzing every factor of the container terminal logistics operation system and the terminal logistics operation practice, and the frame model of the container terminal logistics operation system is built upon the integrating and optimizing the logistics flow, operation information and operation management. (2) Research on theory of Container Terminal Handling Equipments Integrated Optimization SchedulingFrom the model of terminal logistics operation system, logistics operation flow integration is the key of the integration of terminal logistics operation system, and that logistics operation integration is substantially equal to integrate and optimally schedule container terminal handling equipments. This paper will make a deep research on integrated optimization scheduling terminal handling equipments on the basis of the systematical analysis of handling equipments operation terminal handling equipments, define container terminal handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling, research on and analyze the significance and the general thought of integrated optimization scheduling handling equipments, and then define the conditions of integrated optimization scheduling of container terminal handling equipments.(3) Research on Model and Algorithm of Container Terminal Handling Equipments Integrated Optimization SchedulingThis paper is grouping loaded containers according to quay operation scope, building the handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling model of container terminal logistics operation system with the minimum quay operation completion time as objective function, designing steps of filtered beam search algorithm for integrated scheduling model, and determining the optimal sequence of loading containers by solution. Handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling is conducted on relevant principles of operation on the container terminal loading activity chain. A comparative analysis of logistics operational efficiency of ordinary scheduling operation and integrated optimization scheduling operation mode, will be made through terminal logistics operation practical cases.(4) Research on Optimization Scheduling of Rubber Tired Gantry CraneRubber tired gantry crane in the stack yard is the initial link of container loading operation. Therefore, rubber tired gantry crane operation directly determines the subsequent handling operation on the loading chain. Rubber tired gantry crane has been one of bottlenecks in terminal logistics operation due to its large volume and slow operational speed. Due to the influence of imbalance of rubber tired gantry crane operation amount in every block, the equipment needs to move within the block during the operation. This paper makes a deep research on how to make sure handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling can be successfully brought into effect, by optimization scheduling of rubber tired gantry crane under given conditions, establishing optimization scheduling model of gantry crane, designing research algorithm of the model, calculating the earliest completion time of rubber tired gantry crane operation in all blocks and constituting the operation scheduling scheme when gantry crane is moving in blocks.(5) Demonstration of Multi-Agent Container Terminal Logistics Operation Scheduling SystemBased on integrated optimization of container terminal logistics operation system proposed in this paper, an agent based implementation is developed to demonstrate the capability of the realization of combination of handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling and Multi-Agent system, and combination of container terminal handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling and terminal logistics operation practice, which offers a theoretical foundation for developing multi-agent based container terminal handling equipments integrated optimization scheduling system.更多还原