【作者】 张艳丽；

【导师】 蒋登高；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 化学工艺， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 离子交换纤维是近年来发展迅速的新型纤维状吸附分离材料，目前对离子交换纤维的研究主要集中于各种新型纤维载体的选择、不同化学功能基团在纤维载体上的引入以及合成方法的探索，但在有机功能纤维分子骨架设计与合成方面的研究还未见报道。鉴于Friedel-Crafts交联反应在吸附树脂分子结构设计与合成方面的成功应用，本文在对超高交联吸附树脂的链间交联、微观形貌及生成机理进行系统研究的基础上，本文首次提出将Friedel-Crafts交联反应应用于纤维分子骨架修饰设计中来的构想。并利用不同链长和刚性的交联剂，在聚丙烯接枝苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯纤维高分子支链网络上成功的进行了Friedel-Crafts反应，合成出了两种具有丰富微孔结构和高比表面积特征的新型非极性纤维(HM-1和HX-1)，合成后纤维的比表面积分别为200m~2／g和130m~2／g左右。本文还对合成后纤维的微观形貌、热稳定性等性质进行了考察与测试，对其溶胀性能进行了初步研究，结果表明合成后纤维发生热分解的温度要比原纤维高100K左右，在良性和非良性溶剂中都有很好的溶胀性能。在合成上述纤维的基础上，对HM-1纤维吸附甲醇蒸汽和HX-1纤维吸附苯蒸汽的热力学和动力学行为进行了系统研究，两种纤维的最大吸附量可分别达到230mg／g和370mg／g左右，达到吸附平衡的时间为8-10分钟。本文在成功进行了纤维骨架分子设计与合成后，还将研究工作进行了拓展，分别在HM-1纤维和HX-1纤维上引入了不同的化学功能基团，制备出了具有不同交换容量与内部结构的两种强酸性离子交换纤维(HMS-1，HXS-1)和两种强碱性离子交换纤维(HMA-1，HXA-1)。利用新合成的两类离子交换纤维分别对有机废水中常见的污染物苯胺和苯酚进行吸附分离实验，并对吸附分离过程的热力学和动力学行为进行了系统研究。结果表明由于化学功能基团同纤维内部结构在吸附效果上的叠加，所合成的几种纤维均表现出了优良的吸附分离性能，不但分离能力提高，而且分离速度明显加快，从而为其在相关领域中的应用奠定了一定的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ion exchange fiber is a new type of the fibrous adsorption material which develops rapidly in the recent years. At present, the researches on the ion exchange fiber are mainly focused on selecting the variedly new fiber carriers, introducing the differently functional groups to the fiber carriers and exploring the synthetic method of the fiber. But the studies on the molecular framework design and synthesis of the fiber have little been reported.In view of the successful application of the Friedel-Crafts reaction in the molecular structure design and synthesis of the adsorption resins, on the base of the study on the crosslinking between chains, microcosmic appearance, synthetical mechanism of the hypercrosslinked resins systemically, for the first time in this article the design is put forward, which the Friedel-Crafts reaction is applied to the molecular framework design of the fiber. Novel non-polar functional fibers (HM-1 and HX-1) that have high specific surface area and abundant pore structure were prepared by cross-linking the polypropylene grafted styrene-divinylbenzene fiber with different crosslinking agents according to the Friedel-Crafts reaction. The specific surface area of the synthesized fiber is about 200m~2/g, 130m~2/g, respectively. In this article, the properties of the synthesized fibers including the rmicrocosmic appearance, the thermodynamic stability and so on were investigated and tested, and their swelling capabilities were also studied. The results show that the decompounded temperature of the synthesized fiber is increased by about 100K and the cross-linked fibers have good swelling capability in solvents and non-solvents.After the fibers were synthesized, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the adsorption for methanol vapor on the HM-1 fiber and for benzene vapor on the HX-1 fiber were systemically studied. The maximum of the adsorption capacity for the HM-1 and HX-1 fiber is about 230mg/g, 370mg/g, respectively, and it needs 8-10 minutes to reach the adsorption equilibrium.After the molecular frameword design and the synthesis of the fibers were successfully completed, the research work was farther developed. Two kinds of strong acid ion exchange fiber (HMS-1 and HXS-1) and two kinds of strong alkaline ion exchange fiber (HMA-1 and HXA-1), which have different exchange capacities and internal structures, were prepared by introducing the differently functional groups to the HM-1 and HX-1 fiber respectively. A series of adsorption experiments were made for aniline and phenol on the synthesized fiber, respectively, which are common pollutants in the organic waste water. And, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the fiber in the adsorption process were studied in detailed. Because of the adsorption superposition in the functional chemistry groups and internal structure of fiber, the several kinds of synthesized fibers all have excellent adsorption capacities. Their separation abilities were not only enhanced, but also their separation speeds were obviously heightened, which consequently can establish certain foundation for its applications in correlated fields.更多还原