【作者】 高惠蓉；

【导师】 单中惠；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育史， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 美国女子高等教育从19世纪发端并发展至今，已经经历了将近两个世纪的历程。美国社会生活的诸多经济和社会因素共同铸就了美国女性进入高等教育领域的历史、现在和未来。美国社会工业化的影响、生育率的明显下降以及对青少年进行正规教育的开始等各种因素共同作用将女性从传统的社会角色中解放出来。和男性相比，教育在更大程度上唤醒了女性的反抗意识，因为教育赋予了女性家庭以外的身份。虽然教育女性的做法逐渐被社会接受，但是，人们对女性可能放弃传统角色的担忧并没有消失。在美国女子高等教育进步的每一个阶段，女性个人的努力起了主要的决定作用。美国女子高等教育史也记录了美国女性对教育的要求以及她们遭遇到的阻力。对女性获得学术培养的公开反对充斥着女性进入高等教育每一步，当然，美国各界对女子高等教育发展的支持也没有停止过，支持的很大原因在于事实证明女子教育对社会有利。教育深刻地改变了美国女性的生活轨迹，妇女教育也对整个美国社会产生了革命性的影响。然而，受过教育的女性无论在教育领域内部，还是教育领域之外都没有实现和男性享有完全平等的地位。本论文将试图从美国女子高等教育的发展过程中寻求这一未完成的革命带给我们的启示。本论文除导言和结语外，共有五章。导言部分主要说明论文选题的缘由和意义、国内外文献综述、论文的结构与研究方法。第一章将从宏观层面对美国女子高等教育的历史发展脉络进行勾勒和概括。第二章至第五章将从微观层面对美国女子高等教育发展过程中的主要问题开展分析与挖掘。第二章主要探讨了男女同校制教育与美国女子高等教育发展的关系。第三章主要研究大学自由教育现代化与美国女子高等教育发展的互动。第四章主要论述黑人与土著妇女与美国女子高等教育的关系。第五章主要探求女性主义与美国女子高等教育发展的联系。结语是在整个论文论述的基础上，分析美国女子高等教育的历史价值和意义，并尝试预测其未来发展可能出现的挑战与机遇；从美国女子高等教育的发展来看全球女子高等教育发展的进步与问题；同时，还探讨了美国女子高等教育发展对我国女子高等教育发展的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Women’s Higher Education in the United States started in the 19^th century, and has been developing in the last two centuries. The history, present and future of women’s entry into higher education have been integrally linked with economic and cultural factors that have shaped the American social life. Among these, the impact of industrialization, the significant decline in fertility rates, and the introduction of formal schooling for youth, have all contributed to the release of women from expected societal roles. For women more than for men, education evoked opposition, because it gave women an identity outside the family. While the utility of educating women gradually gained acceptance, anxiety over their possible abandonment of traditional roles endured. At every stage of women’s progress, individual woman persisted in exploiting opportunities. The history of women’s higher education in the United States reveals a dialectic between women’s demands for education and the opposition they have encountered. Public controversy over women’s academic training has surrounded each struggle for educational access. Yet advocacy for women’s education grew, in large part because women’s education proved advantageous to society. Education has profoundly changed the contours of women’s lives. While the impact of women’s education has had revolutionary implications for the whole society, educated women have still not achieved equal status with men either within or outside the sphere of education.This dissertation in seven parts intends to explore the significances of the unfinished revolution from the process of women’s higher education in the United States. The Introduction will justify choice of this thesis topic, review the international and domestic literature, and describe the structure and methodology of the paper. Chapter One depicts the historical progress of women’s higher education in the United States from the macro perspective. Chapters Two, Three, Four and Five attempts to gain insights into the major problems in the development of American women’s higher education from micro perspectives. Specifically, Chapter Two discusses the relationship between coeducation and women’s higher education; Chapter Three explores the link between the modernizing of liberal education and women’s higher education; Chapter Four deals with the connection between black and native women and women’s higher education; Chapter Five focuses on the uneasy association between feminism and women’s higher education. The Conclusion summarizes the historical implications from the course of women’s higher education, predicts the future of women’s higher education in the U. S., looks into its related global issues and reflects on women’s higher education in China.更多还原