【作者】 魏晟；

【导师】 卢祖洵；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 流行病与卫生统计学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 一、研究目的1、建立适用于一般成年人群饮食行为测量的标准工具--成年人饮食行为评价量表。2、探索成年人饮食行为测量的理论模型。二、研究方法本研究采用系统的量表开发流程，采用文献研究、焦点小组访谈的方法形成成年人饮食行为评价条目池，通过2轮预试，对条目进行筛选，形成具有57个条目的成年人饮食行为评价量表初稿。然后，通过对武汉市城区和宜昌市农村不同经济发展水平社区居民的抽样调查，对成年人饮食行为评价量表初稿的信度和效度进行评价。在此基础上，再次对其进行修订，最终获得成年人饮食行为评价量表的修订稿。并以此为基础，采用结构方程模型分析的方法对成年人饮食行为评价的模型进行了探讨。三、研究结果1．通过文献回顾，分析了人口学特征、社会因素、营养知识和健康意识、家庭和朋友、进餐环境、情绪对饮食行为的影响，以及特殊的饮食行为如饮食紊乱、零食、外出就餐。研究结果显示饮食行为及其影响因素的多样性。2．通过焦点小组访谈，获得了8类306项陈述，分别是食物购买、情绪、外出就餐、零食、食物准备、健康饮食意识、饮食习惯、家庭社会影响。在这些大类里又细分了许多小类以分析更多的饮食行为细节。3．在一般人群中的测试表明，成年人饮食行为评价量表初稿全量表重测信度为0.82，Cronbachα系数为0.70，分半信度为0.69，表明该量表信度尚可。通过因子分析，共提取了11个可解释的有效因子，与问卷设计时的理论构想基本吻合。成年人饮食行为评价量表的总分基本能够区分不同地域、不同性别、不同年龄人群饮食行为的差异。该量表总得分和大多数维度的得分与日均营养素摄入量之间存在着相关关系。4．对修订后的38项条目的成年人饮食行为评价量表修订稿，采用结构方程模型分析其饮食行为评价模型，模型拟合的指标：卡方与自由度之比为3.79，GFI为0.8824，AGFI为0.8656，RMR为0.0435，RMSEA为0.0510。四、结论1．文献研究的结果显示饮食行为及其影响因素的多样性，饮食行为的评价似应从饮食行为本身的描述以及对主要影响因素的评价入手进行。2．焦点小组讨论的结果显示，饮食行为的评价可以从食物购买、情绪、外出就餐、零食、食物准备、健康饮食意识、饮食习惯、家庭社会影响这8个方面进行。3、通过2轮筛选后的成年人饮食行为评价量表具有一定的信度和效度，但仍需要进一步的修改。4、从零食、健康饮食观念、便利、口味倾向、进食规律、情绪影响、吃饭速度、饮食习惯等8个方面来评价饮食行为是合理的。五、创新点1．在国内首次运用系统的量表开发技术开发了一个具有一定信度效度的成年人饮食行为评价量表。2．首次提出了对中国成年人饮食行为进行评价的合理模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Purposes1. To develop an evaluated tool for eating behavior of general adult population-Adult eating behavior evaluation questionnaire.2. To explore the theory model for measurement of adult eating behavior.MethodsWe developed the item pool following the questionnaire developing systematic process by reviewing the literature and focus group discussion. After 2 round test and item analysis, we got a draft of adult eating behavior evaluation questionnaire with 57 items. Then we evaluated the reliability and validity of the draft by sampling survey the residents from the different developed level area in Wuhan City and Yichang Country. After item analysis again, we got the final version of adult eating behavior evaluation questionnaire. Then we evaluated the rationality of the adult eating behavior evaluation model with the structural equation model analysis.Results1. We analysis the influence of demography characteristic, social factor, nutrition knowledge and health belief, family and friends, dietary ambience, mood on eating behavior and the special eating behavior: eating disorder, snacking, eating out. The result showed the diversity of eating behavior and the influence factor of eating behavior.2. We got 300 statements about eating behavior. The statements can be sorted into 8 categories, food shopping, mood, eating out, snacking, food preparation, health eating belief, eating habit, the influence of family and society. These categories were subdivided into many sub-categories to reveal more detail of eating behaviors.3. The result of test in general population showed the reliability of thequestionnaires is good (test-retest reliability=0.86; Cronbach α=0.70; Split-half coefficient = 0.69). 11 major factors were extracted and matched basically the questionnaire designed construct. The sum scores of the questionnaire can distinguish the eating behavior of different area groups, different age groups, and different gender groups. The sum scores of the questionnaire and the most of sum scores of subscales is correlated with the daily nutriment intake.4. We got a adult eating behavior evaluation questionnaire with 38 items after revising the questionnaire again and analyses the evaluation model of eating behavior with the structural equation model analysis. The ratio of x2 and df is 3.79. The value of GFI, AGFI, RMR, and RMSEA are 0.8824, 0.8656, 0.0435, and 0.0510.Conclusions1. We should evaluate eating behavior from two aspects, the description of eating behavior and major influence factor.2. It seemed that we can evaluate eating behavior by describing 8 contents, food shopping, mood, eating out, snacking, food preparation, health eating belief, eating habit, the influence of family and society.3. The reliability and validity of the draft adult eating behavior evaluation questionnaire is acceptable. But it still need be revised.4. It is rational that evaluation of the adult eating behavior in 8 aspects, snacking, health eating behavior, convenience, taste preference, the eating discipline, mood influence, eating speed, eating habit.Innovations1. We fist time use questionnaire developing systematic process to develop a reliable and valid adult eating behavior evaluation questionnaire in china.2. We construct a rational Chinese adult eating behavior evaluation model first time.更多还原