【作者】 万仁君；

【导师】 刘鲁源；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 随着电子技术在汽车上应用的进步,汽车正向着多功能方向发展,汽车的智能化、网络化趋势越来越明显。电动汽车是由多个子系统构成的一个复杂系统,其整体性能的发挥和安全可靠性保障均取决于各子系统的协同工作。为了满足电动汽车控制的需求,通过对汽车总线技术的详细分析,本文确定基于CAN总线的电动汽车分布式控制系统方案,并首先试验了一种基于时间触发的固定优先级CAN总线调度算法(TT-FPS)。为了减少消息传输的响应时间的抖动,以及更有效地利用网络中的物理带宽资源,本文研究了TTCAN协议应用于电动汽车的可行性,创新提出了一种基于TTCAN协议的混合调度算法,即静态调度为主,动态调度相结合。算法中首次提出“双相”基本周期的概念,以隔离周期性消息与非周期消息和非实时消息的传输,有效避免了周期性消息的延时抖动。对于非周期性消息,提出了基于“消息截止期”的“优先级提升”动态调度算法,不仅保证了消息响应的实时性,而且提高了带宽利用率。实践表明,该混合调度算法不但可以满足周期性消息的实时性要求以及避免非周期性消息的“死锁”,而且利用冗余带宽传输非实时性消息。针对电动汽车整车驱动性能的要求,结合电机的运行特点和电池的驱动能力,创新提出驱动系统的控制策略,妥善处理了电机过载问题、电池充放电能力限制问题以及制动回馈控制问题。并以ADVISOR软件为基础,构建了纯电动汽车仿真研究平台,对道路工况、整车的加速性能和爬坡性能以及初步的制动能量回馈做了仿真研究。仿真结果表明制动回馈控制改善了整车能量利用效率。并通过台架试验与道路实验验证了仿真结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the progress of electronic technology, automobile is developing towards the direction of multi-function and the trend of intelligence and network is becoming more and more evidential. Electric vehicle is an intricate system composed of several sub-systems and its whole performance and secure dependability all rest with the cooperative operation of all sub-systems.For fulfilling the requirements of control in electric vehicle, through the detailed analysis of the fieldbus technology in vehicle the scheme of electric vehicle in distributed control system based on CAN fieldbus is confirmed. And for the first time the scheduling algorithm based on time-triggered fixed priority in CAN fieldbus is proposed and tested.To reduce the jitter of message responsive time and effectively utilize the network physical bandwidth resources, the feasibility of applying TTCAN protocol to the EV is studied and at the mean time the mixed scheduling algorithm is proposed, in which the static scheduling is framework combined with the dynamic scheduling. In the mixed scheduling algorithm the“dual phase”basic period is brought forward, which separates the transmission of periodic message from that of the aperiodic and effectively avoids the jitter of transmission delay of periodic. For the aperiodic message, the priority promotion dynamic scheduling algorithm based on deadline is proposed, which not only guarantees the real-time of message response but also improves the utilization of bandwidth. Through the experiment, the mixed scheduling algorithm can satisfy the real-time requirement of periodic messages and avoid deadlock of aperiodic messages. What’s more, it can utilize the redundancy bandwidth to transmit the aperiodic messages.To satisfy the demand of EV driving capability and after taking the operating characteristic of the motor and the driving ability of battery into account, an innovative control strategy for driving system is proposed, which preferably deals with the problems of motor overload、charge and discharge ability of the battery and the feedback of braking energy. Based on the ADVISOR software, a simulation platform for EV was designed, which processes the relative simulations on the road case, accelerating ability and the feedback of braking energy. The simulation results show that the feedback of braking energy effectively improves the energy utilization of the EV. The real platform and road environment test confirm the simulation result.更多还原