【作者】 杨广军；

【导师】 黄醒春；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 固体力学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 进入21世纪以来,城市轨道交通、高速铁路和快速客运专线等有轨交通在我国迎来了历史性的发展机遇,将形成覆盖我国主要城市的城市公共交通、快速客运和高速铁路等网络。少维修、高稳定性的无碴轨道的开发与应用,是有轨交通轨道结构发展的必然趋势。但无碴轨道存在结构刚性大,同时反射部分噪声等缺点,因此减振降噪是无碴轨道结构设计必须解决的问题。由于无碴轨道结构的复杂性,目前国内外采用的车桥系统动力分析模型,大多没有详细考虑桥上轨道结构的建模以及车辆、无蹅轨道和桥梁之间的动力耦合作用。无蹅轨道结构减振理论研究的滞后,显然无法满足我国有轨交通快速发展的技术需求,本文着重探讨了无蹅轨道结构对整个动力耦合系统(车辆、钢轨、无蹅轨道和桥梁等系统)的影响规律及其工程应用。本文的研究工作主要包括以下六个方面:(1)建立了较为完善的无碴轨道、桥梁和车辆耦合振动的模型:对于广泛应用于有轨交通的三种无碴轨道结构,即板式轨道、弹性支承块式轨道和浮置板式轨道,本文系统地分析了它们的结构特点,将其视为二级隔振系统,并根据轨道板长度尺寸的大小,建立了轨道板结构基于弹性支承上的自由-自由边界的梁和刚体两种模型,并且考虑了车辆、钢轨、无蹅轨道、桥梁运动方程的动力耦合作用,分别进行了系统的比较、分析和求解,同时讨论了两种模型的适用范围;给出了弹性支承的多跨连续Euler梁的理论模型以及本征值问题的求解方法,得到了连续支承Euler梁的本征值问题理论解,从理论上证明了将钢轨看作有限长简支梁的可靠性。(2)轨道板结构特性的减振分析:分析了轨道板的结构特性,即质量、抗弯刚度、高度和纵向布置等方面对车辆、无蹅轨道和桥梁耦合振动影响的规律,本文的分析表明轨道板的质量增加与车桥振动的改善无必然联系,而系统的振动与轨道板的抗弯刚度和轨道板的纵向布置有关,并定量分析了它们之间的关系;建议高架桥上的轨道板结构(包括浮置板)采用空心板,以减轻桥梁的恒载和增加轨道板的抗弯刚度。(3)轨道板下支承材料性能的减振分析:系统地分析了连续整体型轨道板和预制式轨道板下支承材料的刚度系数、阻尼系数和支承间距的变化等因素对钢轨、箱梁和车厢振动的影更多还原

【Abstract】 Since entering the 21st century, the development of track transportation has been facing a historic opportunity. A network composed of urban rail transits, high speed railways and express passenger lines will be constructed to connect the metropolises of China.The application of ballastless tracks is an inevitable trend for the track transportation system due to its higher stability and less maintenance. However, vibration damping and noise absorption are key problems to be solved for ballastless track structures because of its high stiffness and reflectivity of noises. Due to the complexity of the ballastless track structure, the modeling of rail structures upon a bridge and dynamic couplings of vehicles, tracks and the underlying bridge are up to date not taken into consideration in most dynamic models of the vehicle-bridge coupling problems. Therefore, the research on vibration damping of the ballastless track with multi-coupling parameters is urgently required to promote the efficiency of the track transportation in our country.This dissertation focuses on the effects of usage of the ballastless track on a coupled system consisting of vehicles, tracks, ballastless tracks and bridges as well as its practical application. The main results obtained in the dissertation are as follows:1. A complete model for the coupled vibration of ballastless tracks, bridges and vehicles is presented in this dissertation. The three kinds of ballastless track structures widely used in the track transportation, i.e. slab tracks, elastic support block tracks and floating更多还原