【作者】 孟焕陵；

【导师】 沈蒲生；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 结构工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 随着经济技术的发展,高层建筑的发展速度日益迅猛,建筑高度不断增加,建筑功能愈加复杂,结构体系更加多样化。各种结构体系都有其典型的受力特征及相应的计算方法,具体设计中关心的问题也各有侧重,有必要定量分析结构体系界限判别参数的临界值。实际工程中,我们往往希望在既有的材料用量基础上获得最大的结构刚度,最好的受力性能,这就涉及到结构合理刚度与构件合理布置问题。同时当高层建筑结构平面布置或剪力墙的设置较复杂且不对称时,结构不仅有平移,还会有绕刚度中心的扭转,震害分析表明,扭转是一个很重要的致坏因素。论文在高层建筑结构体系判别、合理刚度及扭转计算等几个关键问题上进行了以下具体研究:1.首次定量提出了框筒结构与框架的判别准则。通过令框筒和框架两种结构体系的顶点侧移相等的方法来寻求结构判别的临界跨高比,当结构跨高比超过该临界值时,按框架结构计算较为合理;否则,可认为结构属于框筒结构。2.巨型框架结构为明显的两级受力体系,主、次框架抗侧刚度比影响巨型框架结构受力性能的主要指标。选取相邻两主框架梁间部分框架为分析单元,根据位移分量法计算其抗侧刚度,通过从探讨巨型框架中主、次框架柱线刚度比α的合理范围入手,提出了巨型框架与普通框架地判别准则。该方法直接以巨型框架为研究对象,能反映出分析单元内次框架层数n、跨数m、次框架梁柱线刚度比i次、主次框架梁柱线刚度比i主的影响,且简单适用,可做成图表。3.在保证梁柱材料总量相等的情况下,运用优化原理寻求框架结构等效抗侧刚度的最大值,此时框架结构梁柱线刚度比即为合理,进而可确定梁柱的合理截面高度。有别于以往梁柱单独进行截面估算,该方法首次综合考虑框架梁柱线刚度对抗侧刚度的影响,来进行构件的截面估算。4.根据模型试验数据确定各变形阶段框架的实际抗侧刚度,采用框架抗推刚度退化系数对框架各楼层抗推刚度进行修正,再引入周期、剪力与侧移修正系数对弹性阶段的结构受力性能予以修正,提出一种考虑刚度退化时框架结构的计算方法,并给出具体计算步骤。该法概念清晰,简单适用,能为现行规范的补充与完善提供参考。按此法计算优化前后的框架结构侧移同样表明,采用合理梁柱线刚度比可获得最大的抗侧刚度。5.以结构协同工作的连续化分析及我国现行抗震设计规范反应谱理论为出发点建立优化模型,即以结构地震作用为目标函数,最大层间位移角为约束条件,在满足层间位移角限值的条件下,结构地震作用最小时的剪力墙数量即为合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy and the progress of technology, the development speed of tall building structures increases year by year, the height is increasing continuously, the function and the style are becoming complex more and more, the structural systems are becoming more various. The various structural systems have the emblematical behaviors and the corresponding methods, the concerned problems are also different during the design. It is necessary to quantificationally analyze the parameter critical value of the different structural systems. During the practical engineering, it is wish to obtain the maximum stiffness and the best structural behaviors based on the limited material dosage, which is involved the structural reasonable stiffness and reasonable arrangement of elements. At the same time, when the plane arrangement or the shear wall is complex and asymmetry, the tall building structures not only have the parallel move, but also the torsion around their stiffness center. It is shown from the seismic disaster that torsion effect is a very important factor to harm the tall building structures. In this paper, the key problems of the system judgment, reasonable stiffness and torsion calculation of tall building structures were studied as follows.1.The rule of judgment the structural system which was the frame-tube structures or the common frame structures was brought out. The critical ratio of beam’s span to height was obtained by the equal topmost side-sway of two structures. The structure should belong to frame structures when its ratio of beam’s span to height exceeds the critical ratio. Otherwise, it should belong to frame-tube structures.2.There are two stage weighted systems in mage-frame structure. The lateral rigidity ratio of main frame to the hypo-frame is the main factor which affects the weighted performance of mage-frame structure. The partial frame was selected from adjacent main frame beam as analysis element, and its lateral rigidity was calculated by displacement ponderance method. The optimal range ofαwhich was the linear rigidity ratio of one main frame column to one hypo-frame column was studied, and the rule of judgment the structural systems which was the mage-frame structures or the common frame structures was brought out. The hypo-frame structures was studied by this method, which can the influence factors such as the analysis element story n, span quantity m , hypo-frame beam-column ratio i次, main frame beam-column ratioi主.更多还原