【作者】 梁艳；

【导师】 陈艾荣；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 在论文的前言部分，对桥梁造型质量评价的概念做了定义，介绍了论文的研究目的和方法，并把全文的主要内容做了简单的介绍。在第二章，由美学的定义总结出美的本质和基本原则，并由此阐述了美学与艺术的关系。接着，在前人理论的基础上总结了桥梁美的几个基本原则。然后，从评选“20世纪世界最美丽的桥梁”引出桥梁造型质量评价的内容，由此展开了评价因素的简要分析。从分析桥梁造型质量评价的标准和规范，指出标准和规范的四个特点。 第三章，回顾了桥梁造型发展的历史演变。接着，分析了桥梁在社会经济当中扮演的角色并由此得出结论：桥梁的发展与社会经济的发展相互促进与依赖；分析了桥梁与社会文化之间的关系，总结出了桥梁的文化特性；分析了桥梁与军事政治之间的关系，总结出具体结论。 第四章，首先总结分析了桥梁型式发展路线，指出：桥梁型式发展是多种因素综合影响的结果；接着研究了桥梁材料发展路线，对木材、石材、钢材和混凝土等材料在不同时期不同条件下对桥型造型的影响，指出了材料与桥梁造型之间的必然规律；然后，分析研究桥梁技术发展路线。本章首次提出了桥梁构造质量评价的两大方面：力学美和创新美。对于桥梁构造质量力学美的评价，首先分析了桥梁的心理诱惑力和结构的传力路径对桥梁造型的影响，接着按照不同桥型分别进行了具体阐述。对于桥梁构造质量创新美的评价，本章通过分析传统与创新的辨证关系，首次提出了四个评价因素。再有，首次提出了桥梁造型结构适宜性的观点，并对其具体内容做了简要的阐述。 在论文的第五章，系统地分析了桥梁造型视觉质量的方方面面。桥梁造型视觉美的评价，主要有以下几个方面：比例美、色彩美、韵律美、空间美、环境美、夜景美和整体美。本章也提出了桥梁造型的视觉适宜性的概念并进行了简要的分析；接着，对目前引起广泛争议的桥梁装饰，提出了“少既是多”的论点；对桥梁附属建筑的作用进行了分析总结；对当前各地争先恐后修建标志性桥梁的做法提出了六条切实可行的建议；然后，在对多座桥梁与城市、河道整体规划进行评价时，提出了评价的要点；最后，对目前广泛应用的桥梁效果图，作者认为应当谨慎用之，并提出了几条使用建议。 桥梁造型想象质量是本论文提出的一个创新点。在论文的第六章，针对想象质量的诸多方面进行了有意识的探索。首先，对观众在观察桥梁造型时，由于想象的作用对心理造成的更多还原

【Abstract】 In the preface, the concept of bridge form quality assessment is defined; Then the research intention and methods are introduced; and then the main content of the dissertation is presented simply. In chapter 2, the essence and principles of aesthetics are summarized. The relationship between aesthetics and art is expatiated. Then the four elementary principles of bridge aesthetics are sum up. The content of bridge form quality assessment is derived from choosing ’the most beautiful bridges in 20^th century’ through public appraisal; assessment factors are analyzed briefly. Four characters of criterion are discussed by analyzing the criterion of bridge form quality assessment.In chapter 3, historic evolvement of bridge form development is retrospect. The role which bridge plays in society economy is analyzed, and the author points that the development of bridge and economy is dependent on each other. The relationship between bridge and culture is analyzed, and the culture character of bridge is sum up. The relationship between bridge and affairs is analyzed, and detail conclusion is obtained.In chapter 4, development course of bridge form is summarized firstly and the author pointes that the development of bridge form is always depended on the development of architecture material, technique level, mechanics theory, math theory, etc.. Then the development course of bridge material is studied. Certain rules between material and bridge are indicated by analyzing the fact that different material has the influence on bridge form in different conditions such as timber, stone, iron and steel and concrete etc.. Then technique development course of bridge is researched in detail. In the chapter two aspects of bridge structure quality assessment are brought forward as mechanics aesthetics and innovation aesthetics. For mechanics aesthetics assessment, the influence of mental temptation force and path of force transfer took on bridge form is studied, and then detail expatiation is carried out according to different bridge form type. For innovation aesthetics assessment, four assessment factors are put forward for the first time through analyzing the dialectic relationship between tradition and innovation. The point of propriety of bridge form is advanced for the first time and idiographic content of it is expatiated.In chapter 5, the author studies systemically almost all the aspects of bridge form vision quality which includes proportion esthetics, color esthetics, rhythm esthetics, space esthetics, environment esthetics, night piece esthetics and whole esthetics. Then the viewpoint of ’less is more’ is put forward by contraposing the broad dispute at present about bridge decoration; the function of bridge outbuildings is analyzed and summarized; six feasible suggestions are brought forward according to the present situation of building indicative city bridges. And then the assessment key points of layout of bridges, city and watercourses are put. Finally, according to the wide-used bridge impression drawings, the author considers that they should be cautious to use and some pieces of advice are brought out.更多还原