【作者】 罗清；

【导师】 王浩；

【作者基本信息】 中国水利水电科学研究院 ， 水文学及水资源， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 我国是一个水资源问题十分严重的国家，当前正面临着水资源短缺、水污染和水生态恶化三大主要问题，其本质是人们实施的各类水事活动超出了水资源水环境承载能力。协调这种矛盾和冲突的途径不外乎两大类，一是区外跨流域调水或是开发替代性水源，提升本区水资源与水环境承载能力；二是走自律式发展道路，积极转变社会经济发展和水资源开发利用方式，强化节水和用水需求管理，将经济社会需求控制在水资源承载能力范围之内。显然后者是实现水资源可持续利用的根本途径。但要实现这一点，必须具备三方面的科学前提，一是能科学量化区域水资源承载能力，二是能对未来经济社会发展趋势进行正确预判，三是能及时制定有效的调控措施。 正是基于这样一种认知，本论文确立了流域水资源承载能力研究主题，在系统了解国内外资源承载力研究现状的基础上，探索性阐述了水资源承载能力的生态、技术、社会经济及其时空内涵，同时资源承载力的特性也进行了分析和归纳，提出区域水资源承载能力计算主要涉及五方面研究内容，包括水资源及相关基础率定、边界条件预测、水资源配置和生产能力计算、承载标准设定以及承载能力计算分析等。在上述水资源承载能力理论研究的基础上，选取具有典型意义的黄河流域为研究区，在分析了承载能力的影响因子的基础上，构建了区域水资源承载能力层次化表征指标体系，提出了“小康”和“富裕”两更多还原

【Abstract】 China is now facing very serious water resources problems with the most three major—water resources shortage, water pollution and water ecology deterioration, and its essence is that all kinds of behavior concerning water people implement exceeds the carrying capacity of water resources and water environment. The solution harmonizing these contradictions and conflincts includes: one is the interbasin water diversion from outside or alternative water resources exploitation to enhance water resources and water environment carrying capacity in this district; the other is the self-discipline development, i.e. transferring positively the way of social economy development and water resources exploitation and usage, intensifying the management of water saving and water usage demand, controlling the economy demand within the regime of water resources carrying capacity. Obviously the latter is the basic way to implement water resouces sustainable usage. In order to do so, however, three scientific primises must be provided: first measuring scientifically district water resources carrying capacity; secondly predicting correctly the future economy social development tendency; thirdly formulating timely the effective adjusting-controlling measurements.Based on this recognition, this paper has established the theme of basin water resources carrying capacity research. On the foundationg of comprehending systematically domestic and foreign resources carrying researching present situation, this paper elaborate exploratively the content of ecology, technique, social economy and time-space of water resources carrying capacity, analyse and generalize the characters of water resources, put forward district water resources carrying capacity caculating method including determine water resources and its corresponding foundationg, predicting boundary tradition, dispositing water resources and caculating producing capacity, establishing carrying norms, caculating and analyzing carrying更多还原