【作者】 徐前卫；

【导师】 朱合华；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 盾构法施工已被广泛应用于城市地下铁路、越江通道和地下管线等隧道工程的施工中，并取得了巨大的成功。由于我国幅员辽阔、地质条件错综复杂，盾构在不同土层中的掘进效果以及掘进性能的发挥差别巨大。故此，为了形成合理的盾构地层适应性设计理论和方法，有必要开展土体—盾构系统的基础试验研究，从而更好地控制盾构隧道建设的成本和降低工程造价，并能科学地指导盾构隧道的设计与施工。 本文结合国家863计划“盾构及地层适应性相似模拟方法和试验平台研究”的课题，分别以北京地区典型砂土地层和上海地区的软土地层中土压平衡盾构的掘进施工为背景，从室内模型试验出发，辅以数值模拟分析，研究了盾构施工参数与土层特性的适应性问题，主要工作如下： (1) 在对国内外近百年来盾构法施工的经验和教训进行总结的基础上，首次对“盾构法施工的地层适应性”给出了明确含义，并提出了“土体—盾构系统”的概念，即将盾构施工参数与土体特性作为一个系统来研究，在此基础上推导了模型试验的相似准则，从而为将来开展类似试验提供了借鉴和参考的依据。 (2) 利用模型材料实现了对砂土地层和粘土地层的人工模拟，并制作了相应的模型地层，随后在其中开展了盾构施工参数针对地层特性的适应性模型试验研究；通过试验得出了千斤顶推力、刀盘扭矩、推进速度、螺旋机转速和刀盘开口率等主要盾构施工参数与土层特性之间的适应性联系，以及各施工参数之间的匹配关系，对盾构工法的优化有着一定的指导作用。 (3) 通过研究揭示了盾构施工参数的改变与地表变形之间的内在联系，给出了盾构开挖面地层损失引起的地表三维变形的理论预测公式，并通过数值模拟加以验证。结合对试验结果的分析，从理论上对土体—盾构的相互作用规律以及盾构机各工作参数之间的内在联系做了初步探讨。 最后，对下一步地研究工作做了展望和规划。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the widely use of shield tunnel method in the construction of subway, underwater tunnel and underground pipeline projects, great success has been achieved already. Since China is a large country with many complex geological conditions, the boring effect and performance of shield machine working in different stratums will change greatly. In order to form the design theory and principle of shield machine applicable to different stratums, it is necessary to take more fundamental experiment research on soil-shield machine system. Therefore, it can not only control and reduce the tunnel construction cost, but also guide the design and construction of shield tunnel scientifically.Combined with the national 863 program, study on shield machine applicable to different stratums and its similar model test is carried out. The EPB shield machine excavated in typical sand stratum of Beijing area and soft ground of Shanghai area are taken as research background. At the same time, simulated model test and numerical analysis are employed to study the adaptability issues of soil-shield machine system, and the main work can be described as below.(1) Based on the summarization of the domestic and foreign experiences and the lessons learned from shield tunnel construction cases over the past 100 years, a clear definition is firstly made on the theory of shield machine applicable to stratum characteristics. Meanwhile, the concept of soil-shield machine system is proposed in this thesis, i.e. studying the working parameters of shield machine and soil property as a whole. Subsequently, the scaling laws of model test for this system are derived, which can provide reference to conduct similar tests in the future.(2) Model stratums of sandy and clay layers are stimulated with artificial materials successfully. Then the model tests are carried out to study the adaptability of machine working parameters to soil property. The test results revealed the adaptive relation between the stratum characteristics and the main construction parameters of shield machine, such as jacking force, cutter torque, advance rate, rotation speed and cutter open rate, as well as the internal relationship among these parameters, which can be used to guide the optimization of shield tunnel method.(3) Further study showed the inherent connection between the change of machine更多还原