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区域内城市间分工结构演变的超边际分析
Iframarginal Analysis of the Intercity Division Structure Evolution in the Same Region
【作者】 刘赪;
【导师】 王成璋;
【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2006, 博士
【摘要】 推进区域经济协调发展的关键在于“协调”,对于城市而言就是城市之间如何通过分工协作实现优势互补。主流城市经济学基于集聚经济对城市间相互联系——即城市体系进行了深入研究,而本论文则尝试借助于新兴古典经济学的思想和分析框架对区域内城市间分工结构的演变过程进行探讨。 根据对斯密的分工理论的不同解释,关于城市的经济学研究可以分为新古典和新兴古典两种分析框架。新兴古典分析框架最显著的特点之一就是分工结构不是固定不变,而是在一定条件下会演进到更有效的分工结构,为经济研究提供了一个全新的视角和思路,其分析框架的特点也决定了它更适于处理与分工、制度变迁有关的一般均衡模型。因此,本篇论文以分工为切入点,通过对分工理论做系统的回顾与梳理,在新兴古典经济学的理论基础之上,选择城市间分工结构的演变作为研究的主要问题,针对三种典型的分工演进模式构建了相应的理论模型。 其一,对于事前相同的城市如何选择专业化生产的主导产业并形成相应的分工结构,论文构建了一个内生专业化的一般均衡模型,利用超边际分析解释事前相同的城市如何形成分工,并探讨了伴随着交易效率的变化,城市间最优分工结构的演变。分析结果表明,无论交易效率在什么范围,局部分工或部分分工结构都不是一般均衡,因为总有城市的效用在这一过程中不能提高反而减少。 其二,现实社会中不同的城市由于自身的资源禀赋以及前期发展等因素的影响,一般情况下相互之间都是存在一定差异的。在杨小凯等人建立的模型中,认为在分工演进的过程中交易效率低的一方必然要经历半专业化的过渡阶段。论文通过建立有交易效率差异的分工模型,说明比较优势对分工的结构和贸易模式仍然起到绝对重要的作用,并得到了与杨小凯的模型不尽相同的结论:只有在一定条件下,交易效率相对较
【Abstract】 The key of promoting coordinated development of regional economies lies in "coordination", which is how to achieve their complementary strengths among cities through division of labor and collaboration. Mainstream urban economics has conducted deep research on the relationships among cities, namely urban systems, based on agglomeration economies, while this thesis explores the evolution process of the structure of intercity division of labor by using the ideas and analytical framework of new classical economics.According to the different explanations of Smith’s principle of division of labor, researches on urban economics can be divided into neoclassical framework and new classical framework. One of the most significant feature of the new classical framework is that the structure of the division is not static but will be evolved into a more effective division structure under certain conditions, which provides a new perspective and idea for economic research, and also determines that it is more appropriate to deal with the general equilibrium model related to the division of labor and system transition. Therefore, based on the theories of new classical economics, this thesis selects the division of labor as the cut-in point and chooses the evolution in intercity division of labor as the primary research problem by a review of division theories as well as builds corresponding theoretical models for three typical modes of the evolution in division of labor.First, this thesis builds a general equilibrium model with endogenous specialization for stating how to choose dominant industries of productive specialization and to form the corresponding division structure for ex ante identical cities. Using the inframarginal analysis, this thesis explains how to form division of labor in ex ante identical cities and explores the
【Key words】 division of labor; specialization; transaction efficiency; inframarginal analysis; division structure of cities;