【作者】 岳书敬；

【导师】 刘朝明；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，中国经济高速增长，综合国力，人民生活水平都有了很大的提高。但与发达国家相比，中国全要素生产率增长对国内生产总值增长的贡献却较小，中国经济的快速增长，主要是要素驱动型，而不是靠生产率的提高。要保持持续的经济增长，需要从粗放型经济增长转变为集约型经济增长，需要经济增长质量的提高。经济增长质量的一个重要衡量指标就是全要素生产率，为了找出提高全要素生产率提高的有效途径，有必要用较为科学的概念、理论和测度方法论反映出中国全要素生产率的实际水平以及全要素生产率和其他要素的关系。全要素生产率强调投入要素的质量，而在我国投入要素中人力资本的质量是较差的。深入研究和测度全要素生产率，分析人力资本和全要素生产率的关系以及人力资本对经济增长的作用是很必要的，对我国这样人口众多、资源稀缺、资金短缺的发展中国家，有着特殊的理论和实践意义。 本文的研究对象为1990—2004年间30个省级区域：研究模型的基础是90年代逐步发展完善起来的承认无效率项存在的前沿生产函数模型中的非参数方法——Malmquist指数法。研究问题包括全要素生产率的测度新思路；人力资本直接作用和间接作用对区域增长差距的关系；人力资本与全要素生产率的关系。 为了研究人力资本与区域经济增长的关系，首先需要了解的是人力资本在研究时段内的发展状况。论文的第2、3、4章主要对我国的人力资本在研究时段内的发展演变状况进行了分析。其中，第2章以产业工人的工资作为研究基准，从劳动报酬角度对不同省份的人力资本进行了分析比较，这种从产出角度的人力资本研究无疑给我们提供了新的视角，有助于较为全面的理解我国的人力资本状况。 由于人力资本的不同测度方法各有优势，同时又存在不足之处。从产出角度对人力资本的分析只是给人力资本的研究提供了一种尺度，鉴于此，第3章从教育年限、专业技术人员、企业家人力资本、教育卫生医疗保健等方面，综合分析了我国区域人力资本的动态演化进程，为合理的评估不同区域人力资本的差异提供了参考依据。分析表明：平均人力资本综合指数最高的省份分别是北京、上海、天津和广东；而专业技术型人力资本、研究与开发型人力资本在各省份的差距较大。从动态的角度看，个人人力资本投资差距对综合人力资本差距的影响在逐年增强；企业家人力资本对综合人力资本的更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s economic growth has been remarkable since the reform started in 1978, the comprehensive national power and the level of living standard have also been improved greatly, but compared with the developed countries, the Total Factor Productivity contributed less to the GDP growth in China, which means that China’s economic performance is driven mainly by factor accumulation not productivity growth. In order to keep China’s economic growth sustainable, it is necessary to improve the quality of economic growth and transform from extensive growth to intensive growth. One indicator of economic growth quality is TFP. To find a way to improve the TFP’s contribution to GDP growth, it is necessary to estimate the TFP properly and study the relation between TFP and other factors such as human capital. TFP put emphasis on the quality of input factor, while in China the human capital is insufficient and uneven, studying and estimating TFP, analyzing the relation between human capital and TFP would be theoretical and practicable to China, which is a developing country with immense labor, insufficient resource, scarcity investment.In the thesis we study the 30 provinces of China from 1990-2004, and the basic model is Malmqusit productivity index that is a non-parametric method belonging to Frontier Production Function Model considering the efficiency. The following issues are concerned: the estimation of TFP; the contribution of human capital direct and indirect effect to regional economic growth; the relation between human capital and TFP.To analyze the relation between human capital and regional economic growth, the first thing is to measure and analyze the growth of 30 provinces’ human capital and compare human capital’s regional differences during the studying-period. Chapter 2,3,and 4 are mainly about human capital’s growth. Based on the average income of the industrial laborers, Chapter 2 compares human capital input for 30 provinces from the point of income-based approach, which help to obtain a better picture of China’s human capital.The approaches to measuring human capital all have some advantages and disadvantages, and Chapter 2 is only from income aspect to analyze human capital. Chapter 3 builds an evaluation index system of human capital based on the labor income, human capital cost, education stock and human capital decomposition,更多还原