【作者】 李磊；

【导师】 朱伟；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 岩土工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 针对污泥在固化处理和资源化利用过程中所面临的经济可行性、材料稳定性以及二次污染问题，本文研究开发了骨架构建固化技术，并展开了生物、化学条件对固化污泥材料稳定性影响、固化技术对污泥中重金属的稳定作用以及二次污染预测和控制的研究工作，具体内容包括： (1)提出采用废弃疏浚淤泥作为骨架材料对污泥进行固化处理的新型固化技术和固化理论，采用X-射线衍射、吸附试验以及孔隙水分析试验从水化反应进行程度的角度解释了骨架构建固化技术的原理。 (2)将水化产物中的钙离子作为代表性离子，建立了固化污泥中水化产物和酸反应的化学动力学模型；采用生物反应器强化微生物活性建立了固化污泥中机物降解的动力学模型。采用化学动力学模型和有机物降解动力学模型对固化污泥在酸雨作用下以及微生物作用下的长期强度进行了评价。 (3)采用柔性壁渗透仪模拟酸雨以及微生物强化条件，开展了酸雨和微生物的活动对固化污泥的长期渗透性的影响研究，并对渗透性变化的机理进行了分析。 (4)通过改变浸取液的pH和Eh模拟了化学条件变化对固化污泥中重金属浸出的影响；采用生物反应器模拟了硫杆菌活动对固化污泥化学条件的改变以及对重金属浸出的影响；改变固化污泥的粒径研究了物理封闭效应对重金属浸出的影响。 (5)采用柔性壁渗透仪获得了固化污泥中重金属的穿透曲线，并采用遗传算法反演了固化污泥的水动力弥散参数。 (6)对固化污泥中重金属的二次污染进行了预测，并将固化污泥的重金属污染控制问题归结为源项控制反问题和参数优化问题，提出了固化污泥污染控制的技术方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the problems of economic feasibility, material stability and secondary pollution in solidification treatment of sludge, the studies which include skeleton constructing solidification technology, biochemical effect on material stability of solidification sludge, stabilization for heavy metal, forecast and control for secondary pollution were carried out The particular content includes:(1) The new solidification technology and theory was proposed based on using the silt constructing the skeleton. The XRD, adsorption and pore water analysis experiment were carried out to explain the theory of skeleton constructing solidification technology.(2) The calcium ion was assumed the representative ion in hydration products and the chemical dynamics model was established which describes the chemical reaction between hydration products in solidification sludge and acid. On the other hand, the kinetic model of organic in solidification sludge was established by bioreactor which strengthens the activity of microorganism. The long-term strength was estimated by the above models under the action of acid rain and microorganism.(3) The flexible-wall permeameter was adopted to simulate the acid rain and action of microorganism which influences the long-term permeability of solidification sludge, moreover, the mechanism of permeability change was analyzed.(4) The effect on leaching of heavy metal was studied by three ways. Firstly, pH and Eh value of extraction solution were changed to simulate the chemical condition. Secondly, bioreactor was adopted to reflect the change of chemical condition because of the action of microorganism. Finally, grain diameter of solidification sludge was changed to reflect physical closed action.(5) The breakthrough curves for heavy metals of solidification sludge were obtained by flexible-wall permeameter and the hydrodynamic dispersion parameters were acquired by genetic inverse method.(6) The secondary pollution of heavy metal of solidification sludge was forecast. The pollution control project was provided by the way of summarizing the secondary pollution problem to a inverse problem of source item control and a parameters optimization item.更多还原