【作者】 付晓春；

【导师】 王敏伟；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳药科大学 ， 药理学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 竹叶Phyllostachys nigra （Lodd．eX．Lind-1 Munro．L），具有抗自由基和抗氧化的作用，但对其心血管方面的药理作用国内外文献均未见报道。目前我们从竹叶中提取四种黄酮糖苷：荭草苷，异荭草苷，牡荆苷，异牡荆苷，关于这些成分的心血管药理作用也未见报道。鉴于此，本文对竹叶提取物（Bamboo Leaf Extract，BLE）及其四种黄酮糖苷进行了心血管方面的药理研究。 本文采用常压耐缺氧小鼠生存时间、夹闭气管小鼠心电消失时间、豚鼠离体心脏的冠脉流量、注射垂体后叶素及结扎大鼠冠状动脉所致的心肌缺血、花生四烯酸诱导的家兔血小板聚集及犬心肌缺血/再灌血流动力学、血清酶学及犬实验性心肌梗死等模型观察BLE对心肌缺血、缺氧的保护作用。结果表明，BLE（4.5，9，18g/kg）能显著延长小鼠常压耐缺氧条件下的存活时间及夹闭气管小鼠心电消失时间；BLE（3，6，12g/kg）能拮抗注射垂体后叶素及结扎大鼠冠状动脉所致的心肌缺血；BLE（0.5，1，2g/mL）能显著抑制家兔的血小板聚集及增加冠脉流量；BLE（1，2，4 g/kg）明显改善犬心脏血流动力学，可使心肌缺血程度（∑-ST）及心肌缺血范围（N-ST）降低，并可使血清心肌酶如乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌酸磷酸激酶（CK）降低，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）升高。说明其保护缺血心肌的作用与降低耗氧量、抑制氧自由基的产生和抗氧化功能增强有关。 采用体外培养的大鼠胎鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤模型，研究了BLE对心肌细胞缺氧-复氧损伤的影响。心肌细胞缺氧120min再复氧60min后，测定LDH及SOD活性、NO的含量、心肌细胞Ca²⁺和丙二醛（MDA）浓度。采用MTT法测定心肌细胞的线粒体脱氢酶的活性，并进一步研究BLE对KC1、NE引起细胞内钙变化的影响。结果表明，BLE(10^-1，10^-2，10^-4，10^-6，10^-5g·L^-1)可明显提高细胞的存活率，并增加SOD的活性，降低LDH的活性及抑制MDA的生成，提高NO的含量，降低Ca²⁺的含量。与维拉帕米相似，BLE对KC1以及NE引起的细胞内钙升高均有抑制作用，并且对电压依赖性钙通道和受体操控性钙通道均有阻断作用。 采用离体家兔主动脉条，观察了荭草苷（0.1μM-30μM）的舒张血管作用及其作用机制。结果表明，荭草苷的血管舒张作用在去内皮的动脉条显著被抑制，在更多还原

【Abstract】 Bamboo leaf Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex. Lind-1 Munro. L), has the effect of anti-free radical and antioxidant, but the pharmacology effect of Bamboo Leaf Extract (BLE) on cardiovascular was not reported. We isolated four flavonoid C-glycosyl fractions from BLE: Orientin (Luteolin-8-C-glucoside), Isoorientin (Luteolin-6-C-glucoside), Isovitexin (Apigenin-6-C-glucoside), and vitexin (Apigenin-8-C-glucoside), and the pharmacology effect of these compounds on cardiovascular was also not reported. The present study investigated the effects of BLE and four flavonoid C-glycosyl fractions on cardiovascular.The model of survival time of mice under the condition of closed normobaric hypoxia, the disappearing time of electrocardiograph sign caused by clamping the trachea, coronal flow in isolated heart of Guinea pigs, myocardial ischemia in rat induced by injecting pituitrin and ligating coronary artery, rabbit blood platelet aggregation induced by AA, cardiac hemodynamics and serokinases of dogs injured by ischemia/reperfusion, and acute myocardial infarction of a dog were used to observe the protective effect of BLE on myocardium injured by ischemia and hypoxia. Results showed that BLE (4.5, 9,18g/kg) prolonged survival time of mice under the condition of closed normobaric hypoxia and the disappearing time of electrocardiograph sign caused by clamping the trachea. BLE (3,6,12g/kg) inhibited myocardial ischemia in rat induced by injecting pituitrin and ligating coronary artery. BLE (0. 5,1, 2g/mL) inhibited rabbit blood platelet aggregation induced by AA and increased coronal flow in isolated heart of Guinea pigs, and BLE (1, 2, 4 g/kg) improved cardiac hemodynamics and reduced Σ-ST and N-ST. The release of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into serum were reduced, and更多还原