【作者】 张翠莉；

【导师】 王应雄；

【作者基本信息】 重庆医科大学 ， 临床检验诊断学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 凋亡是一个被高度调控的细胞死亡过程,它对保持成熟器官的组织动态平衡具有基础性作用。近年来的大量研究表明,凋亡在大多数细胞中是一个生理上的程序,能被许多外部和内部的信号所触发。许多人类的疾病都直接或者间接的归咎于凋亡的紊乱,凋亡紊乱具体表现为细胞的正常死亡受阻引起的细胞积聚,或者凋亡过度引起的细胞丢失。细胞凋亡的途径主要有两条,一条是通过胞外信号激活细胞内的凋亡酶caspase、一条是通过线粒体释放凋亡酶激活因子激活caspase。这些活化的caspase可将细胞内的重要蛋白降解,引起细胞凋亡。肝脏是人体重要的器官。近年来的研究表明,凋亡在肝脏疾病的发生发展中具有重要的作用。在肝硬变病例的肝细胞、胆管细胞、单核细胞中普遍存在凋亡现象。肝细胞癌形成过程中,不仅癌细胞异常增生,而且突变的细胞凋亡减少,肝癌细胞对凋亡诱导反应明显缺陷。因此凋亡对肝脏正常生理功能的维持,以及肝脏疾病的发生和发展有非常重要的作用。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用是一切生命活动的基础,揭示相互作用规律是认识生命奥秘的必经之路。酵母双杂交技术是目前应用最成功的大规模研究蛋白质相互作用的技术平台,规模化酵母双杂交技术不是常规实验室酵母双杂交技术在诱饵数量上的简单增加,需要解决大量的技术问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Apoptosis is highly controlled for cell death. It has foundational function to maintain tissue homeostasis. Recently large numbers of studies suggest, Apoptosis is a physiological process,and it can be activated by signals in vivo and in vitro. Deregulation of this process contributes to a number of human diseases that are caused either by an increase in cell death, or enhanced cell survival. There are mainly two ways to activate apoptosis, one way involves the activation of a family of proteolytic enzymes known as caspases through in vitro signals. The other pathway to apoptosis is through caspase activation triggered by cytochrome c following its release from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. The activated caspases make the important proteins in cells degraded, and this induces apoptosis.Liver is an important organ in human body. Recently studies show, apoptosis has a important role in liver diseases. In hepatocirrhosis, there is apoptosis ubiquitously occured in the liver cells, bile duct cells and monocyte. In the process of hepatocellular carcinoma development, not only abnormally hyperplasia of the cancer cells, but also the decrease of更多还原