我国风险投资发展障碍与对策研究

【作者】 惠恩才；

【导师】 马秀岩；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 国民经济学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 进入21世纪，我国改革与发展进入关键时期。加入WTO后，经济体制改革从实质上来看已经全方位展开。随着经济的不断发展，那种靠外延型、粗放型的经济增长已经逐步走到了尽头，资源配置过程中有效需求不足、缺乏新的高质量的经济增长点的问题越来越突出。面对这样一种新的经济格局，必须寻找新的能够推动经济结构优化、促进产业结构升级的强有力杠杆刺激经济的发展。从成熟发达市场经济国家的发展经验来看，积极有效的措施之一就是大力培育出新的经济高速增长点——高新技术产业，以高科技创新体系的助推器——风险投资促进高新技术产业化的发展。 风险投资是近几年来兴起的一种新的科学技术与金融相结合的投资机制。它是以灵活的投资方式促进新兴技术和新兴产业的发展。前国家科委主任宋健同志曾经指出：风险投资是使大量新兴的科技成就走向社会的重要“桥梁”，是通过高新技术企业、实业为高新技术产品催生的“温床”，是促成高新技术成果与市场经济联姻的“红娘”，是发展新兴产业的“向导”。 进入20世纪70年代以来，随着微电子技术为主导的新兴技术的不断涌现，一场以科研机构为依托，将最新科研成果迅速转化为高新技术产品的产业革命相继在美国、日本、西欧以及世界的其他国家和地区蓬勃兴起，并以全方位的方式向人类社会的一切领域加速渗透。以高新技术产业的发展来推动本国经济的振兴，逐步成为波及全球的潮流。高新技术是指基本原理主要建立在最新科学成果基础上的一系列新兴技术所组成的技术群体，包括微电子、电脑、核能、激光、机器人、自动控制、光纤通讯、航空、航天技术、新材料技术等等。 科学技术是人类几千年文明和智慧发展的结晶，是认识世界和改造世界的重要手段。高科技正在成为21世纪社会经济发展的主要动力。人类每一次重大的发明创造和高新技术的应用，都给社会生产和人类生活带来了巨大的发展和变化。一个国家高新技术的发展水平和成就，已经成为衡量这个国家经济实力强弱的重要标志。江泽民同志在会见九届全国政协科学家和科技工作者时指出：“创新是一个民族的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力，没有科技创新，总是步人后尘；经济就只能永远受制于人，更不能缩短差距。”就我国而言，积更多还原

【Abstract】 When we step into the 21st century, the reformations and development in our country have entered a crucial time. After we joined the WTO, the reformation in economic system has been carried out omni-directionally. With the unceasing development of the economy, that kind of economic growth which depends on the extension has come to the end, the problem about the lack of effective demand and new economic growth point with high quality has become more and more prominent. Facing this new economic pattern, we must seek a new and powerful lever that can impel the economic structure to optimize and industrial structure to upgrade in order to stimulate the development of economy. According to the experiences of the development in developed country with mature marketing economy, one of the positive and effective measures is to cultivate vigorously new economic point with high-speed growth — new high-tech industry, and to promote the development of new high-tech industrialization by venture capital--- the auxiliary booster of high-tech innovation system.The venture capital popularized in the last few years is a new investment mechanism which combines science and technology and the finance. It promotes the development of emerging technology and the emerging industry by flexible ways of investment. Mr. Song Jian, former national science committee director, once pointed out: venture capital is an important "bridge" that causes the massive emerging technical achievements to move towards society, a "hotbed" in which new high-tech enterprises expedites new high-tech products, a matchmaker who facilitates the marriage of new high-tech achievements and the marketing economy, and a "guide" to develop emerging industries.Since 1980s, with the unceasing emerge of emerging technology led by microelectronic technology, an industrial revolution taking the scientific research institution as a backing and rapidly transforming the newest scientific research achievements into new high-tech product has become popular in America, Japan,更多还原