【作者】 方晓柯；

【导师】 顾树生； 王建辉；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 现场总线是当今自动化领域发展的热点之一，被誉为自动化领域的计算机局域网。现场总线网络技术的出现标志着工业控制技术领域一个新时代的开始。它涉及了计算机、自动化、通信等众多技术领域，目前正处于一个不断发展，不断改进和完善阶段。我国在现场总线方面的研究起步较晚，无论是理论研究还是应用研究方面都远远落后于国外，在我国深入开展现场总线网络技术的研究已经迫在眉睫。 本文主要针对现场总线网络技术进行了理论与应用研究，重点对现场总线与以太网的结合、现场总线实时性能、现场总线的选择、现场总线的集成、现场总线网络体系结构和现场总线网络节点的开发等几方面问题进行了深入的探讨，提出了一些创新的方案，提供了一些指导原则和理论依据，并解决了一些实际应用问题，在现场总线网络技术的理论研究和应用研究方面取得了一定的进展。 （1）总结出了以太网应用到工业控制领域中需要面临的问题，并分别提出了相应的解决方案，为以太网技术向工业控制领域的发展奠定了初步的理论基础。通过对互联网中互联技术的研究，提出了现场总线与以太网相结合的封装、组件、隧道三种技术方案，对其工作原理进行了详细的阐述，并通过典型案例证明了这三种技术方案的可行性，为其它现场总线开发与以太网相结合的技术提供了理论指导和应用范例，具有很好的现实意义和应用价值。 （2）总结了固定分配类、随机竞争类、按需分配类等三种常用介质访问控制方法的优缺点，找出了ControlNet现场总线采用的生产者／消费者模型与传统的源／目的模型的不同之处。发现了生产者／消费者模型对传输数据的内容进行了标识，提高了网络的通信效率。对工业现场的数据报文归纳出隐性报文、显性报文和维护报文三种形式，并总结出它们的特点。对ControlNet现场总线CTDMA技术的运行机理给出了图形化的表示。找出了NUT与SMAX之间的内在联系，即NUT=T×SMAX+T+t_maintenance。总结出正确设置节点地址的方法，提出了对ControlNet控制系统的优化法则，为ControlNet的组态提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fieldbus is one of the important focuses in today’s automation control area. It is recognized as the Local Area Network in automation systems. Its appearance starts a new age in industry control field. Fieldbus has a deep relationship with lots of techniques, including computer, automation, and communication, now it enters a continuous developing and improving period. Because of the later start in our country, we have dropped behind other countries both in the theoretical research and engineering realization. It is urgent and crucial for us to make a study of fieldbus network deeply.The theoretical and applied research on fieldbus network technology has been studied chiefly in this dissertation, such as the combination between fieldbus and Ethernet, the fieldbus real-time performance, the fieldbus selection, the fieldbus integration, the fieldbus network structure and the fieldbus nodes development etc. Some innovative schemes have been proposed. Some guidance principles and theoretical foundation have been given. Some practical application problems have been solved. Some progresses have been obtained on the fieldbus research.(1) Some problems have been summarized and corresponding solutions have been proposed when Ethernet is used in industry control area. These pay a primary theoretical basis for Ethernet to be used in industry control systems. Based on the research in the Internet technique, three-technique schemes (Encapsulation, Component and Tunnel), which can be used in the combination between fieldbus and Ethernet, are put forward. Their principles are explained in detail. In order to prove the feasibility of these three techniques, three typical examples are illustrated. These research results provide guidance and applied example to develop combination technology between Ethernet and fieldbus. These work have great significance and practical worth.更多还原