【作者】 岳秀萍；

【导师】 李亚新；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 生物化工， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 ASBR反应器的工艺机理和启动运行规律的研究在国内外都处于起步阶段，同样存在着启动慢、需要投加碱度这两个所有高速厌氧反应器中的共性问题，而且ASBR反应器固有的动力学内在潜力并未得到充分的利用和挖掘。本文以促进ASBR快速启动和碱度最小化为研究目标，旨在开发絮凝剂强化ASBR反应器快速启动的技术，提出在ASBR反应器中形成以甲烷八叠球菌为优势菌的A型颗粒污泥的工艺策略，并实现ASBR反应器在碱度最小化条件下的稳定运行。采用的研究方法和取得的研究成果如下： (1)采用厌氧毒性(ATA)和生物化学甲烷势(BMP)的测定方法，分析了聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚丙稀酰胺(PAM)和聚季铵盐(PQA)三种高分子絮凝剂对厌氧微生物产甲烷活性的影响和厌氧生物可降解性。用区域沉淀速度(ZSV)和污泥容积指数(SVI)等对比了投加絮凝剂后所形成的生物絮体的沉降性能和生物絮凝体的强度。结果表明，聚季铵盐适宜作为促进厌氧反应器快速启动中污泥颗粒化的促进剂。聚季铵盐适宜的投加量为10～20mg/L，对应的PQA/污泥量约1.6～3.2mg/g。并在此基础上提出筛选厌氧反应器快速启动促进剂的评价体系应以絮凝剂对厌氧微生物产甲烷活性的影响、生物聚集体的强度、生物絮体的沉降性能、絮凝剂的厌氧生物可降解性和絮凝剂用量为指标。 (2)以PQA最优投加条件启动反应器，采用有效容积为6L的ASBR试验模型，并以空白系统作对照。反应器在中温条件下(30～35℃)运行，用城市污水厂厌氧消化污泥接种。结果表明，投加了PQA的反应更多还原

【Abstract】 The discussion on process performance and start-up of ASBR system was on initial stage. ASBR process was characterised by relatively slow start-up and alkalinity demand similar to other high-rate anaerobic processes, and did not make full use of intrinisic kinetic advantages. Experimental works in this paper were focused on rapid start-up and minimization of alkalinity for ASBR, and objectives were: to exploit an enhancement technical method for ASBR rapid start-up, to present the process strategies to develop type A granular sludge predominated by Methanosarcina, and to achieve minimum alkalinity supplement. The methods and achievements in this paper were following :(1) Influences of three kinds of flocculating agent on specific methanogenic activities(SMA) were assessed using anaerobic toxicity assay(ATA), which were polychlorinated alumina (PAC), polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyquaternary ammonium salt(PQA), respectively. The anaerobic biodegradabilities of PAC, PAM,and PQA were investigated by biochemical methane potential(BMP) test. The settling performances and strength of bioflocculates were discussed using zone settling velocity(ZSV) and sludge volume index(SVI).From the results, PQA was finally selected as an accelerating agent to enhance granulation at start-up of anaerobic reactor, and tests gave dose in the range of 10~20mg/L, the ratio of PQA/sludg concentration was 1.6~3.2mg/g. It showed the method of once two days of adding PQA was the most effective for granulation. Further, that was put forword the influences of flocculating agent on SMA, settling performances and strength of bioflocculates, and anaerobic biodegradabilities of flocculating agent and dosage added should be regarded as indexes to更多还原