【作者】 刘景军；

【导师】 李效玉；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文利用管流式和磁致伸缩动态模拟试验装置，采用数值计算和实验研究相结合的方法，研究碳钢、双相钢和316L不锈钢等在流动多相海水中的流动腐蚀机理，利用模拟实验数据，预测、判定实际工况条件下金属材料流动腐蚀的情况，这有可能成为人们研究和认识多相流动腐蚀的一种重要手段。 实验结果表明：在流动多相中性氯化物体系中，碳钢、双相钢腐蚀速度随流速的上升而增大，在固液两相流中存在一个使腐蚀速度急剧增大的临界流速值；在气液两相流中，金属空蚀速度随着盐浓度的增大而增大；随着介质温度增加，空蚀速度先增大后减小。对于碳钢，流动腐蚀均为阴极氧的扩散过程控制；对于双相钢、316L钢，腐蚀过程主要受阳极反应控制。双相钢流动腐蚀速度要远小于碳钢的，这表明双相钢具有良好的耐蚀性，在一定流速范围内，在实际工况条件下可用。 针对以上实验研究体系，引入流体力学基本理论，结合固体颗粒运动随机轨道模型，以及空泡产生和溃灭波动方程，根据质量、动量和能量守恒原理，应用数值模拟流体流动的方法，分别确立了固液、气液两相流动体系中的流体力学模型和传质模型，在腐蚀动力学研究的基础上，综合考虑流体力学破坏和电化学腐蚀两方面因素，构建了碳钢、双相钢在多相海水中的流动腐蚀综合数学模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flow-induced corrosion of metals (including carbon steel, duplex stainless steel and 316L stainless steel) in high flowing multiphase seawater was studied, by means of loop flow apparatus and vibratory devices, using methods of combination of experimental research and numerical simulation. The feasibility about the application of simulating dada to predict the flow-induced corrosion of metals under service conditions was also discussed. This may be become a new means to research and understand the multiphase flow-induce corrosion of metals.In the solid-liquid two-phase flowing seawater system, flow-induced corrosion rates of both carbon steel and duplex stainless steel increase with the increasing flow velocities, and there are it’s a critical velocity after which the corrosion rates go up sharply, respective. Cavitation corrosion rates of these metals increase significantly along with the NaCl concentration increase in solution; and cavitation corrosion velocities of these metals first go up along with temperatures in the gas-liquid two phase flowing seawater, and then the damage rates decrease with further increases in the testing temperature. The flow-induced corrosion of carbon steel in multi-phase seawater is mainly controlled by the dissolved oxygen diffusion process in the part of cathode of corrosion reaction. The flow-induced corrosion of both duplex stainless steel and 316L stainless steel are mainly controlled by the part of anode of corrosion reaction. It was found that flow-induced corrosion rates of duplex stainless steel is largely lower than that of carbon steel in flowing multiphase seawater. These show that the duplex stainless steel have good property against corrosion, this metal can be used under some service conditions in the range of tested flow velocities.The numerical hydrodynamics models and mass transfer models for both solid-liquid and gas-liquid two-phase flowing medium were established, by applying更多还原