节点文献
平等的范式
Paradigms of Equality
【作者】 王立；
【导师】 姚大志；
【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2006， 博士
【摘要】 新自由主义的诞生是当代政治哲学兴起的重要标志。从古典自由主义到新自由主义的嬗变,实质上是西方政治哲学的主题发生了变化。平等既是新自由主义的主题,也是新自由主义的思想贡献所在。对于新自由主义来说,当前社会的不平等主要体现在经济领域当中的财富和收入差异。为此,新自由主义提出了不同的平等范式、建构了不同的平等理论、确立了不同的实践原则来解决经济的不平等。对经济不平等的解决成为新自由主义关于实质平等的重要理念。虽然实质平等的理念不同程度地受到了许多的理论限制和实践约束,但这并没有削弱新自由主义追求平等的强烈愿望。新自由主义力图实现形式平等与实质平等的统一,自由与平等的统一,从而最终实现人类解放的理想。新自由主义以平等为主题的政治话语予启蒙哲学以时代性的回答,由此确立了新自由主义在当代哲学中的历史使命。
【Abstract】 The most important thing in the late twentieth century is the rising of political philosophy and the wide spread of postmodernism. Today political philosophy is in its ascendant and becomes the most influential philosophical trend of thought, being discussed and studied all over the world, while postmodernism is coming to its end under the drastic criticism and cool reflection.The rising of political philosophy is symbolized by the emergence of new liberalism, while the emergence of new liberalism is symbolized by the publication of the book A Theory of Justice written by John Rawls. When we call“new”liberalism, we compare it with classical liberalism. Specifically speaking, the topic of discussion of new liberalism is different from the classical one. Classical liberalism focused on liberty, such representatives as Locke, T. Hobbes, J. J. Rousseau, Kant devoted themselves to the study and solution of the problem of liberty. The topic of new liberalism is, on the contrary, equality. Modern representatives of new liberalism, John Rawls, Robert Nozick, Ronald Dworkin, dedicate themselves to the solution of the problem of equality. The shift from the“liberty”of classical liberalism to the“equality”of new liberalism indicates the change of topic in western philosophy, which promotes the renaissance of political philosophy.Equality is not only the topic of discussion of new liberalism but also the contribution of new liberalism. For new liberalism, inequality at present society embodies mainly in economic field, that is to say, the difference of wealth and income cause giant inequality. New liberalism put forward“equal paradigm”to solve inequality in economic field, trying to realize equality of human society. This paper focuses on the study of the notion of equality to understand the basic idea, essence and ideal of new liberalism.