【作者】 王永强；

【导师】 杨魁森；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 在人类社会历史进程中哲学是关于人生存方式的一种反思。理性主义是西方哲学的内在逻辑,理性生存方式则是贯穿于西方历史的人的存在方式。在不同的历史时期由于理性内涵的不同,人选择的理性生存方式也不一样。古代自然理性占统治地位,人们则追求哲学式的生存方式。近代科学理性确立之后,塑造了人们科学主义的生存方式。这一时期由于科学渗透于一切领域,形成人类新的历史阶段——理性文明。理性文明是指17至19世纪所形成的人类历史文明形态,它是以科学理性在社会各个领域渗透为特征。具体表现:在精神上确立了科学主义思维方式;在外在的制度层面上确立了法治和商品经济的主体地位。进而,使人类实现由古代哲学式的生存方式到科学主义生存方式的跃迁。更多还原

【Abstract】 Philosophy is the spirit of our times, whose historical mission is concerned with man’s social development. In the course of the historical development of human society, philosophy is regarded as the reflections on the ways of human existence. Rationalism is the inner logic of the western philosophy, and the rational way of existence is the way of human existence that carries through the western history. Because of the differences in the meanings of rationality in different historical stages, the rational ways of existence that men have chosen are also different. In ancient times, the dominant role was played by the reason of the nature, which enabled man to pursue a philosophical mode of existence. With the establishment of modern reason of science, scientism’s mode of man’s existence was formed. At this stage, science infiltrated every field and thus formed a new historical period---rational civilization, which refers to man’s historical state of civilization and is characterized by the infiltrations of scientist reason into every field in society. Spiritually, it set aside the thinking mode of scientism; on the layer of outside institution, it established the predominant position of law and commodity economy. This enabled man to rise from the ancient philosophical mode of existence to that of scientism.On the basis of revealing the relationships between modern scientific reason and man’s mode of existence, the present dissertation aims to analyze the nature and social demonstrations of the modern reason of science that is dominant in various social fields, and to expose the nature of the scientism’s mode of existence. Besides, appropriate evaluation and sincere reflections will be put on it, based on which man’s shared civilization can be constructed. With the rational mode set by the modern and contemporary science and in the various phases of man’s realistic life controlled by science, scientism has become our mode of更多还原