【作者】 董彬；

【导师】 迟力峰； 张希；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 导电高分子纳米结构的研究还处在起步阶段,对于尺寸在100nm 或者是在100nm 以下结构,尤其是在绝缘基底上的构筑方法还不够成熟。而构筑方法的发展,直接与导电高分子纳米结构的性质研究、新现象的发现、以及所构筑的器件是否能够进一步产品化等问题相关联。因此,本论文包含两个方面的内容: 一、本论文发展出了构造导电高分子纳米结构的新方法,新方法主要有以下一些优点:1)所构造的导电高分子结构具有很高的分辨率,即具有构筑100nm 及100nm 以下结构的能力;2)能够在绝缘的基底上构造导电高分子结构。这一优点的主要意义在于:对于导电高分子来说,其功能性与其电性质密切相关(只有在绝缘的基底上才能测量),而其应用更是需要将导电高分子构筑在绝缘的基底上;3)方法简单,并且与现有的纳米构筑方法相兼容;4)构造方法成本低,适合于将来将构造出来的纳米结构器件化及进一步实用化。二、将发展出来的构造方法所构造出来的导电高分子纳米结构,进一步进行了性质的研究,并且构造出了相应的纳米器件并且对器件的性质进行了表征。根据导电高分子纳米结构的研究现状,能够明确知道其实用价值的就是构造导电高分子纳米传感器这一方向。因此,本论文器件的表征主要集中在导电高分子纳米传感器的性质研究之上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Conducting polymers are particularly appealing materials that could be used at all levels of microelectronics as alternatives for metal and semiconductors. Their ease of processing, flexibility, light weight, together with their chemically tunable properties make them especially useful in low-end microelectronics where expensive silicon technology is not necessary. Conducting polymers are also good sensing materials. The sensing mechanism involves doping/dedoping of the polymer chain in the case of PH sensors, or the charge transfer between polar molecules and polypyrrole in the case of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) sensors. By scaling down the conducting polymer films into nanometer wires, the nanosensor showed higher sensitivity, faster response and lower power consumption. However, due to the lack of nanofabrication methods, it is rather difficult to obtain conducting polymer structures with the dimensions equal to or less than 100 nm, especially on insulating surfaces. Therefore, we demonstrate that by in-situ synthesis of strongly adherent polypyrrole, sub-micron wires and sensor devices with feature size as small as 200 nm in width can be successfully fabricated through a lift-off process. Since this method offers the opportunity to grow polypyrrole wires in-situ at a desired position, sub-micron wires can thus be introduced between two microelectrodes. Thus, we successful developed a novel fabrication method for constructing conducting polymer nanosensors. We further evaluated the sensing performance of the as-fabricated conducting polymer nanosensor. However, due to the lack of control over the film thickness during deposition, the above method is not suitable for high resolution (< 100 nm) fabrication. In the following study, we use copolymer strategy to control the thickness, adhesive and electrical properties of conducting polymer by incorporating a surface active monomer into their main chains, thus make it suitable for the fabrication of devices exclusively based on conducting polymers with a sub 100 nm resolution through a lift off process. Due to the generality of the copolymerization process, this method is applicable to a wide range of conducting polymer species. Two different types of nanostructures consisting exclusively of polypyrrole or polyaniline are fabricated and their use as nanosensors is demonstrated. The prepared nanosensors exhibit sensing performance superior to the micrometer scale sensors fabricated with the same method. The above developed methods can already be used to fabricate conducting polymer nanodevice-that is, conducting polymer nanosensors. However, these methods are not expected to be useful in obtaining the real product due to their cost. To go toward the realization of real nanosensor procucts, low cost fabrication methods are required. Therefore, in the following work, we report the fabrication of a high density conducting polymer nanostructures, which is achieved by nanoimprint lithography through a lift off process. The constructed conducting polymer nanowires, through further electrical connection, could be easily functioned as nanowire nanosensors. Giving the nanoimprint lithography’s merits, particularly low cost, this work provides a low cost fabrication method to obtainnanosensors. In addition, the generality feature of this method makes it suitable to be used as a way to construct conducting polymer nanostructure that may find applications in many other areas.更多还原