【作者】 毕琳；

【导师】 徐建中；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 城市化又称城镇化、都市化,是人类生产和生活方式由农村型向城市型转化的历史过程,这一过程是社会经济发展尤其是现代工业化的必然产物,其结果表现为城市人口在社会总人口中的比重逐渐上升,以及城市不断发展与完善。我国的城市人口比重,2003年为40.5%,2010年可达到50%,即已基本实现第一次城市化的目标。本论文旨在研究城市不断完善、发展使第二次城市化形成比较均衡、稳定的形态,2050年完成第二次城市化。 城市化是现代社会的一个必然趋势,城市化水平的高低也已成为衡量现代社会进步发达程度的一个重要标志;城市化是解决我国经济和社会发展诸多矛盾的关键,积极推进城市化进程显得尤为重要。本文研究我国城市化发展,对于丰富和发展我国城市化发展思路,在实践中找出一条可行的城市化道路,从而带动我国城市经济的发展具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。 论文首先介绍了具有代表性的城市化相关理论,包括城市化区位理论、城市化结构理论、人口迁移论、非均衡增长论和生态学派理论,为我国城市化发展研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。 在理论研究的基础上,论文对世界城市化发展的规律进行了概括;并对世界城市化发展的四种基本模式进行了探讨,即同步城市化、过度城市化、滞后城市化和逆城市化;分析了包括英国、美国、日本在内的一些发达国家城市化的发展经验,得出了对我国城市化发展有益的借鉴和启示。 其次,论文提出了三个对城市化发展至关重要的因素,即经济因素、社会因素和资源因素,研究了其对城市化发展的重大影响。基于聚集经济利益、规模经济效益、优位经济效益、外部经济效益等影响城市化的经济规律,进行了城市化与经济发展的相关性分析;从基础设施建设、制度建设、文化建设和政府作用四个社会因素角度,分别论述其在城市化发展过程中的重要性;遵循城市化与生态环境的耦合关系,提出了建设城市生态环境的基本思路,并从能源“瓶颈”对城市化的制约和能源的可持续利用两方面分析了城市化更多还原

【Abstract】 Urbanization is the historical process in which the production mode and life style of human transform from countryside type to city type. Meanwhile, this process is a certain result of social economic development, especially of modern industrialization, whose result is shown through the proportion rising of urban population in total population and the city developing and perfecting constantly. Our country’s the proportion of city, 40.5% in 2003, attainability 50% in 2010, the first aim of urbanization will be come true basically. This paper emphasize study the city ceaseless consummate and development so as to the modality of equilibria and stabilization comparatively in the second urbanization, then finish the second aim of urbanization in 2050. Urbanization is an inevitable trend of modern society, and the urbanization level has already become an important symbol which can weigh how developed and progressive of modern society; Urbanization is also the key to solving many contradictions existed in economic and social development of our country, accordingly, it is particularly important to advance urbanization process. This paper studies urbanization development of our country, which has important theoretical and realistic meaning for enriching and developing the way of thinking of urbanization development of our country, then finding out a feasible urbanization road in practice, thereby driving the urban economy development of our country.At first, the paper introduces the representative relevant theories of urbanization, including urbanization position theory, urbanization structure theory, population migration theory, non-equilibrium increase theory and ecological school’s theory, which establish the solid theoretical foundation for advancing the urbanization development of our country.On the basis of theoretical research, the paper summarizes the law of the world urbanization development, and probes into the four basic modes of the world urbanization development, namely synchro-urbanization, over-urbanization, under-urbanization and counter-urbanization, then analyzes the urbamzation development experience of the countries that carried out urbanization ahead of therest in the world, including Britain, America and Japan, subsequently draws the reference and enlightenment which are helpful to the urbanization development of our country.Secondly; the paper selects economy, society, resources three important factors for urbanization development, studies their fatal influence on urbanization development. Basing on the economic regulations of affecting urbanization such as collective economy avail, scale economy benefit, preference economy benefit, exterior economy benefit, it carries on the relativity analyse of urbanization and economy development; from infrastructure construction, system construction, cultural construction and government function four social factor angles, it respectively discusses their essentiality in urbanization development process;keeping to coupling relation of urbanization and ecosystem environment, it puts forward the basic way of thinking of constructing city ecosystem environment, and analyzes the question of urbanization and energy sources using from two sides of energy restriction and continuable using.Thirdly, the paper sets up comparatively scientific index system of urbanization development level evaluation on the basis of studying the existing methods of evaluating urbanization development level, and selects 35 cities, which contain capital of each province and single-listed cities planned as samples, then adopts factorial analysis method to evaluate the urbanization development level of them. At last, the paper takes the typical representative of fasturbanization--Shenzhen city as example, to carry through demonstrationanalysis, and probes into its urbanization developing direction.Finally, basing on the basic situation of our country, keeping to strategic principles such as economy benefit, social benefit, ecosystem benefit, continuable development, adjusting measures to local conditions, developing in phase, and objective regulations of urbanization development, according to the urbanization development classification of different district and different scale, it puts forward the counterplans to promote urbanization development of our country.更多还原