【作者】 孟祥凤；

【导师】 吴德星；

【作者基本信息】 青岛海洋大学 ， 物理海洋学， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 本文对SODA 资料、Levitus 资料以及COADS 资料采用低通滤波和小波分析方法进行研究,确定了印度尼西亚贯通流(ITF)以及西太平洋暖池(WPPO)和印度洋暖池(WPIO)的季节、年际和年代际变化,进一步探讨了它们变化特征的主要形成机制。通过数值模拟研究了ITF 以及其各条通道的输运量和季节变化情况,ITF 对太平洋和印度洋流场和温度场的贡献以及分辨率对ITF 模拟的影响等问题。基于ITF 的数值模拟,进一步研究了太平洋和印度洋的混沌特性时空分布特征和季节变化,并对混沌现象发生的主导机制进行研究。首先采用SODA 研究了ITF 的季节、年际和年代际变化特征。利用绕岛环流理论和大尺度压力梯度的观点与ITF 的变化相联系,对ITF 不同时间尺度上的主导机制进行研究。发现ITF 的长期输运量值主要由南太平洋和赤道太平洋的纬向风应力决定,但是年代际变化的相位主要决定于赤道地区的纬向风应力。在季节、年际和年代际变化尺度上,靠近新几内亚的暖池区与爪哇以南的区域之间的大尺度压力梯度均与ITF 的变化有很好的相关性。其次,以Levitus 资料和COADS 资料为辅对热带西太平洋暖池和印度洋暖池的变化特征和机制进行研究。研究发现西太暖池表面积变化的主周期为:1 年、3.5 年、4.8 年、28 年,体积和热含量变化的主周期均为:1 年、4.8 年、9.5 年;印度洋暖池表面积变化的主周期为:0.5 年、1 年、4.8 年、28 年;体积和热含量变化的主周期为:1 年、4.8 年。印度洋暖池的变化相对高频。对暖池的热平衡计算表明ITF 是太平洋与印度洋热量收支的重要因子。太平洋的年代际变化主要与南边界热量输运的年代际变化有关,印度洋暖池的年代际变化则主要是由于底部热流量的年代际变化引起的。再次,利用GFDL 的MOM2.2 进行数值模拟,对ITF 区域和热带地区采用高分辨率,设计进行了三个数值实验。HR 月平均风场驱动下,得到ITF 各条通道和印度洋入口处ITF 输运的季节变化。发现南海路径的输运量季节变化与其他更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, The characteristics of variation and the mechanism of Indonesian ThroughFlow (ITF), Warm pool in tropical Western Pacific (WPPO) and Indian Ocean (WPIO) are studied with SODA, Levitus and COADS data. Numerical simulation of Indonesian ThroughFlow and its influence on Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean as well as numerical study on chaotic characteristics in Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean are made with MOM2.2. Using SODA data from Maryland University, the analysis about characteristics of ITF and its mechanism is taken. Based on Island rule and large-scale pressure gradient, the variation mechanism of ITF is analyzed. It is found that low frequency ITF’s transport is mainly determined by South Pacific and Equatorial Pacific zonal wind. The phase of ITF’s decadal variation is mainly related to Equatorial zonal wind. ITF’s seasonal and inter-annual variation has a good relationship with large-scale pressure gradient between Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. The characteristics and mechanism of WPPO and WPIO are studied. The results show that ITF is one of important factors of WPPO and WPIO heat budget and the main variation period of WPPO and WPIO are different. WPIO has high frequency variation. The decadal variation of WPPO is mainly determined by decadal variation of Sverdrup transport in south boundary. The decadal variation of WPIO is controlled by thermocline’s decadal adjustment. The numerical study with MOM2.2 shows that the seasonal patterns are different among the three main paths of Indonesian ThroughFlow. The transport in the South China Sea is large in winter and small in summer. ITF’s transport at entrance to Indian Ocean is in the accepted range from former investigation and numerical study. With comparison experiments with closed and opened ITF paths, It is proved that the Indonesian Throughflow has a significant influence on fluid fields and thermal structure of Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. With closed ITF path, The temperature in Indian Ocean is reduced but not vice versa in Pacific Ocean. There is strap-shaped region with increased temperature and decreased temperature. SEC velocity in South Indian Ocean and SEC, NEC and EUC in Pacific Ocean is decreased, the speed of SECC in Indian Ocean and the speed of SECC, NECC in Pacific Ocean is increased. The resolution in ITF region is found to influence ITF’s transport and seasonal variation. It is verified that ITF is an important factor of Pacific and Indian Ocean. It will be helpful to simulate Pacific and Indian Ocean more accurately that ITF’s connection is considered in more detail. Numerical study on chaotic phenomena in Pacific and Indian Ocean is done based on the numerical simulation about ITF. It is found that the chaotic region mainly confined to the upper 210 meters between 15°S and 15°N with a characterization of Equator trapped and is deeper in the West and shallower in the East. The chaotic region in the west boundary region in Pacific, especially the region related to Kuroshio in Northwest Pacific, can remain to the deep region. There is a chaotic region in the Northeast corner of North Pacific subtropical Gyre which can remain chaotic to the deep region. Chaotic region in Indian Ocean shows different characteristics with Pacific Chaos was mainly confined to upper 220 meters in north side of 10°S in Indian Ocean. The west boundary region in Indian Ocean remains deep too. The kinetic characteristic analysis about chaotic region shows that chaos and its distribution is related to velocity and high velocity gradient distribution. By comparing with former study, the defects of former study are pointed out and reason for the difference is given. It is still rare to study chaos in real oceans with OGCM. The velocity shear as direct reason for chaos is first brought forth in the paper.更多还原