【作者】 吕洁华；

【导师】 曹玉昆；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 自20世纪70年代以来,许多国家都将经济发展的重点放在高新技术企业上,并把其作为增强综合国力的重要举措。近几年我国高新技术企业正在突飞猛进的发展,其规模和数量都在不断地增长,在国民经济构成中所占比例也显著提高,有力地促进了经济结构的调整。高新技术企业已经成为推动我国经济增长的重要组成部分,是拉动国民经济增长的中坚力量。然而,面对国际、国内竞争环境的激烈变化,对国内大多数高新技术企业而言,却面临着能否在竞争中求得生存和发展的严峻挑战。核心竞争力是保持高新技术企业竞争优势的重要手段,是高新技术企业持续竞争优势的源泉。 许多人认为核心竞争力理论能充分解释竞争优势的根源在于企业内部,但究竟怎样才能提高企业核心竞争力,一直是理论研究和实践关注的焦点问题。国内外许多学者对核心竞争力的内涵、特性等方面进行了有益的探讨,但对于核心竞争力的机理、识别等研究还有待于进一步深入与量化。尤其对具有明显行业、产品特征的高新技术企业来说,核心竞争力的形成机理、识别方法与应用等方面急需深入研究。 基于这样的背景和条件,本文主要运用核心竞争力理论和方法,以系统论为研究视角,从高新技术企业特性出发,探讨了高新技术企业核心竞争力的基本内涵、系统结构、形成机理、识别方法和管理模式。 本文对核心竞争力理论和高新技术企业发展实践进行了综合分析,剖析了高新技术企业科技经济特性,从系统论的视角将高新技术企业划分为目标系统、内部系统和外部系统,构建了高新技术企业核心竞争力内部生成与外部保障结构维度,指出核心竞争力来源于企业内部子能力的协同作用。运用自组织协同学理论,从深层次揭示了高新技术企业核心竞争力形成机理及系统演化规律,提出核心竞争力生成于高新技术企业内各子能力的自组织过程,并建立了核心竞争力自组织运动的描述模型。构建了高新技术企业核心竞争力识别的方法体系,提出以价值链确认支持价值活动所需的知识和能力,以特征量标准定性识别核心竞争力指标,并建立了符合高新技术企业核心竞争力特性的识别指标体系,以人工神经网络技术(BP模型)定量识别高新技术企业核心竞争力强弱,实现了核心竞争力的快捷、准确而不过分依赖专家主观意见的识别效果,提出了对整个高新技术企业核心竞争力以及不同标准的核心竞争力的识别,并对高新技术企业核心竞争力进行了实证研究,核心竞争力指标体系的选取与BP方法的配合具有较强的实用性。提出了高新技术企业核心竞争力四环同心圆管理模式,分析了高新技术企业资源条件和核心竞争力的生命周期,确定了以完全内部积累,内部积累与外部获取,完全外部获取的培育方式,提出了高新技术企业核心竞争力的独立创建、战略联盟、企业购并和虚拟企业的管理运作模式。 本研究为提升高新技术企业核心竞争力提供了理论与方法的支撑,有助于增强高新技术企业持续竞争优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1970’s, many nations have put the emphasis on the development of hi-tech industry, and regard it as the important measure to strengthen comprehensive national strength. In the last few years hi-tech enterprises are developing rapidly in our country, with its increasing scale and quantities and the large proportion in national economy constitute, which effectively promote the adjustment of the economy structure. Being the main force of stimulating national economic growth, the hi-tech industry has already become important composition of pushing our country economic growth. However, facing the drastic change in the international and domestic competitive environment, the majority of the domestic hi-tech enterprises must meet the challenge of living in the competition. Core competence is the important method to keeping competitive advantage in hi-tech enterprises and is the source of keeping continuing competitive advantage. Core competence theories fully explain that the source of competitive advantage lies in the enterprises themselves. Actually how can just increase core competence enterprises, have been focus problem of the theories research and the practice concern. Mang scholars both from home and abroad have conducted the beneficial study on the content and characteristics of core competence. But they still have a long way to go to deeper and quantify the core competence. Especially for hi-tech enterprises having obvious characteristic of industries and the products, the formation mechanism, discerning method and the practical application of core competence, still need to be studied further.Under such background and conditions, the dissertation, beginning with the characteristics of hi-tech enterprises and taking the system theory as point of view, mainly applied the theory and method of core competence to research on such things of hi-tech enterprises’ core competence as the basic content, system structure, formation mechanism, discerning method and management model.The dissertation comprehensively analyzed the theory of core competence and both the development practice and the technical & economic property of hi-tech enterprices and partition hi-tech enterprises to three parts: aim system, internal system and external system. Internal foundations and external protecting structure dimensions of hi-tech enterprises’ core competence are set up, and core competence coming from coordination function of enterprises internal sub-ability is pointed out in the dissertation. With the theory of self-organization coordination, formation mechanism of hi-tech enterprises’ core competence and system evolvement disciplinarian are deeply revealed and core competence resulting from the self-organization process of sub-ability of hi-tech enterprises is pointed out; meanwhile, description model of self-organization action of core competence is established. Discerning method system of hi-tech enterprises’ core competence is established and discerning the ability of hi-tech enterprises using value chain is advanced and the core competence indicators with characteristic amount are identified qualitatively and set up discerning indicators system cohereto core competence characteristic of hi-tech enterprises, hi-tech enterprises’ core competence with artificial nerve network technique (BP model) is identified quantitatively. What is realized that not only the swiftness but the accuracy of core competitiveness do not rely on expert’s discernment result but rely on subjective suggestion excessively and proposed the different and standard discernment on core competitiveness of high-tech enterprises, gradation evaluation standard is also made, so more practicability are these methods; The model of management in concentric circles of Fourth Ring Road of hi-tech enterprises’ core competence is put forward systematically, and good and bad of the resources of hi-tech enterprises is analyzed, the type of rearing of complete internal backlog, the internal backlog and exteriors obtain, the complete exterior obtain is established, the mode of management of the establishing independently, strategic alliance, the enterprises merging and virtual enterprises is pointed out.The dissertation provides the theories and methods for the research on hi-tech enterprises’ core competence, and can keep continuing competitive advantage on hi-tech enterprises.更多还原