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正电子成像在神经干细胞移植治疗帕金森病中的在体显像研究

In Vivo Imaging of Neural Stem Cells Transplantation in Parkinson’s Disease by Positron Emission Tomography

【作者】 王瑞民

【导师】 田嘉禾;

【作者基本信息】 中国人民解放军军医进修学院 , 影像医学与核医学, 2005, 博士

【摘要】 【目的】 随着神经干细胞移植治疗神经系统疾病研究的逐渐深入,在体监测干细胞分布、存活、分化、功能状态及治疗效果等特征性信息的检测方法越显重要。本课题以正电子成像技术(PET)作为在体可视化监测手段,客观准确地显示神经干细胞移植治疗帕金森病(PD)干细胞分化结果和移植治疗效果,建立活体干细胞治疗的无创性监测技术平台,探索干细胞体内诱导分化的规律、条件、质量控制和影响因素等,完善神经干细胞移植的临床评估方案,并为其他干细胞治疗应用探索提供研究基础。 【材料与方法】 从自然流产的人胚胎眼球中分离、培养出人胚胎视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE),经流式细胞技术、G显带染色体分析、体外诱导分化、逆转录PCR分析及免疫荧光染色方法进行神经干细胞特异性鉴定。 建立帕金森病SD大鼠模型,随机分为治疗组和对照组。利用立体定位技术将RPE细胞移植于治疗组PD模型大鼠纹状体内;对照组大鼠纹状体内移植相同剂量的生理盐水。 根据移植前后大鼠旋转行为改善及脑纹状体酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)免疫组织化学染色改变评估干细胞分化结果和移植治疗效果。 确定多巴胺D2受体、多巴胺转运蛋白(DAT)为RPE细胞分化细胞(即多巴胺神经元)的标志物,11C-Raclopride、11C-β-CFT为相应的PET成像放射性示踪剂。进行移植前后的11C-Raclopfide、11C-β-CFT PET显像,观测D2受体及DAT变化情况,并运用视觉分析、感兴趣区(ROI)方法分析治疗组、对照组移植前后显像变化,并对结果做统计分析。 【结果】 经鉴定RPE细胞具有神经干细胞特征,并能在一定诱导条件下分化为多巴胺能(DA)神经元。 移植前1~4周、移植后1~8周大鼠旋转行为检测结果:治疗组由移植前296±82圈/30分钟下降至212±102(p=0.0008);而对照组移植前(299±72)、移植后(310±85),临床表现无改善(p=0.4259)。 TH免疫组化染色显示移植后治疗组大鼠纹状体内TH阳性细胞增多、着

【Abstract】 [PURPOSE] To track transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) in Parkinson’s disease rat model in vivo, using positron emission tomography (PET) to monitor NSCs distribution, survival, differentiation, function and therapeutic efficacy. To establish the methods for monitoring the stem cells therapy with visualized, in vivo ways, to explore the rules, conditions, quantities control and affect factors of stem cells’ differentiation and to consummate evaluation standards in stem cells therapy for the clinic.[METHODS] Human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells were isolated from human aborted fetal eyes. RPE cells were characterized by the methods of flow cytometry, G-banding chromosome analysis, In vitro differenatiaton, RT-PCR and Immunofluorsence.Establishing PD rat model, and the rats were divided into two groups which are therapy group and control group. Transplanting RPE cells into the rat’s striatum using stereotaxis technique in therapy group, and injecting normal sodium to control group.Evaluating the RPE cells’ differentiation and therapeutic efficacy based on improvement of rat’s rotation behavior and TH immunohistochemistry.Selecting dopamine D2 receptor, DAT as the marker of RPE cells and 11C-Raclopride, 11C-β-CFT as the radiotracer, respectively. Imaging two groups with 11C-Raclopride,11C-β-CFT and analyzing the results with visual and ROI methods.[RESULTS] RPE cells have the characteristics of neural stem cell and can be induced differentiating to DA neurons.The results of rotation 1-4 weeks pretransplantation and 18 weeks post transplantation: 296 ± 82 turns/30min pretransplantation decrease to 212±102 turns/30min(p=0.0008)post transplantation in the therapy group, 299 ± 72 change

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