【作者】 刘庆印；

【导师】 白人朴；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 锻压设备产业是机床行业的重要组成部分,属基础性的装备产业,其先进性直接决定机械制造业的水平和竞争能力。随着对锻压设备需求的相关产业的迅猛发展,产业的价值空间不断被拓展,产业外的游离资本正在以各种形式寻求进入,而产业内的国有企业正面临着体制转换和产业调整,旧的产业格局已经被打破,新的产业格局尚未建立。本论文以我国锻压设备产业为研究对象,以产业组织理论中的SCP框架为分析工具,对产业的产业关联和市场结构、厂商行为以及组织绩效等产业的内部要素进行了分析,为提高锻压设备产业组织绩效和整体竞争力,增强对国民经济支撑保障能力,提出了我国锻压设备产业组织重构的战略构想。 本研究首先对影响锻压设备产业组织的需求市场进行了分析,利用产业关联的基本理论和回归分析法,揭示了农业装备制造业、钢铁工业以及汽车工业每增长1%,分别带动锻压设备产业增长1.71%、1.24%、和0.82%。随着农业基础地位的加强和钢铁、汽车产业的跳越式的发展,锻压设备市场规模的扩大将直接影响产业的规模结构、厂商行为和组织绩效。 对锻压设备产业组织的分析是问题研究的基础。通过统计数据的分析得出,锻压设备产业组织在市场结构上,表现为市场集中度偏低;在规模结构上,收入结构基本上是大、中、小企业各占三分;在产权结构上,股份制企业逐步居于主导地位;在厂商行为分析方法上,利用博弈豪泰林模型对锻压产品横向差异化研究表明,产品性能、服务及品牌横向差异程度越大,企业之间纳什均衡价格也越大;通过博弈模型对锻压产品以使用寿命代表的纵向差异化研究表明,企业之间在产品寿命上差异越大,两个企业均衡价格差异也会越大,在产品使用寿命上未差异化的两个企业,其价格只收取其边际成本。因此,追求差异化是锻压设备产业厂商采取的主要竞争策略。 对锻压设备产业组织绩效评判研究是本文的重点。通过对组织绩效与产权结构、规模结构、技术进步以及差异化竞争行为之间关系的研究,揭示出了我国锻压设备产业组织绩效低下的主要因素。在对产业重点联系的47家企业2003年统计数据分析的基础上,设立了锻压设备产业20项绩效指标综合评价体系,应用降维的主成分分析法构建了锻压设备产业组织绩效综合评判模型,并利用该模型对34家企业进行了实证分析,得出了34家企业的规模结构、产权类型与绩效之间的关系,结果基本符合案例企业的实际情况。 提出从两个方面加强产业重构的策略是本研究的落脚点。为提高我国锻压设备产业组织绩效,本文提出了加强专业化协作,重塑产业价值链;加强横向联合,提高产业综合竞争力的策略构想。关于专业化协作,要发挥资源优势,降低生产成本,提高边际效率;关于横向联合,通过重组、兼并,扩大企业规模,提高产业集中度,增强产品研发能力。通过这种重构策略,将优化锻压设备产业组织结构,提高资源配置效率,进而实现我国装备产业的现代化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forging equipment industry, a basic equipment industry, is an important component part of machine tool industry, which progress determines the level of the mechanical manufacturing industry and competitive ability directly. In recent years, with the rapid development of relevant industries, the value space of the forging equipment industry is expanding constantly. The released capital out of the industry wants to enter by various forms, and state enterprises of forging equipment industry are faced with structure conversion and industrial adjustment. The old industrial pattern has already been broken and the new has not been set up yet. This thesis analyzed some key internal factors of China forging equipment industry, such as correlated industries and market structure, manufacturer behavior and organizational performance. In order to improve organizational performance and competitiveness of forging equipment industry and strengthen it’s supportability to national economy, the thesis has also put forward the strategic ideas about the organizational reconstruction of forging equipment industry.Based on the basic theories of industrial correlation and regression analysis methods, this research analyzed the market demand which influenced organization of forging equipment industry. It was announced that output values of forging equipment industry increased by 1.71%, 1.24% and 0.82% separately when output values of manufacturing industry of the agricultural machinery, steel and iron industry and auto industry increased by 1%. With the enhancement of agricultural fundamental position and development by leaps and bounds of steel, automobile industry, expanding market scale would affect the industrial scale structure, manufacturer’s behavior and organizational performance of forging equipment industry directly.Through organization analysis of the forging equipment industry, it was found that the market concentration degree was low, the industrial incomes of the large, medium and small enterprises accounted for third separately, the shareholding system enterprises occupied the main position step by step. Using the Hotelling-model, the study on horizontal difference of the forging products showed that the heavier horizontal difference degree of product’s properties, services and brands, the greater the Nash- equilibrium price between two enterprises. Based on game-theory, the research on vertical difference of using life indicated that the bigger the difference at product life between enterprises, the bigger the difference at equilibrium price between enterprises. Two enterprises of non-difference at product’s life-span would make their prices equal marginal costs. So, pursuing the difference of products was the main competitive strategy for forging equipment manufacturer.It was emphasized to study on pass judgment on organization performance of forging equipment industry. Through studying on relationships among organizational performance, property right structure, scale structure, technological progress and difference in competitive behaviors, the thesis revealed the main factors why organizational performance of forging equipment industry in China was low. On thebasic of the statistics of 47 main enterprises in 2003 in this industry, an evaluation index system of organizational performance of forging equipment industry was advanced that included 20 indexes. A judging model of organizational performance of forging equipment industry was constructed using the main composition analytic approach linked of dimension reduction. This model was used to try to carry on real demonstrational analysis to 34 enterprises and drawn the relation among the scale structure, property right type and performance, which accords with the actual conditions of enterprises basically.The tactics were proposed on strengthening industrial reconstruction. In order to improve organizational performance of forging equipment industry in China, it has put forward to some strategic ideas, such as strengthening the coordination based on specialization to remold i更多还原