【作者】 段路茜；

【导师】 张策；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 TI 蜗杆传动,全称渐开面包络环面蜗杆传动,由渐开线斜齿圆柱齿轮及其包络的环面蜗杆组成。开展 TI 蜗杆传动的研究对开发研制高效、重载蜗杆减速机具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文从啮合理论和优化设计两个方面对 TI蜗杆传动展开了研究。主要研究内容如下: 依据微分几何和齿轮啮合原理,用运动学法建立了理想状况下一次包络和二次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的啮合理论体系。 在考虑边界条件的前提下,深入分析了一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的啮合性能。讨论了啮合界限线存在的判定条件,仿真结果表明只有当齿面上出现两条啮合界限线并重合时,蜗轮齿面上瞬时接触线的分布才呈现理想状态,由此获得一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的理想螺旋角。深入细致地分析了设计参数对蜗轮齿面接触状态的影响,为合理选择设计参数提供了理论指导。 对二次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的齿面接触进行了分析。研究了蜗轮齿面上二次接触线存在的条件、螺旋角对蜗轮齿面上接触线分布以及蜗轮齿面形状的影响。研究结果揭示出当螺旋角大于一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的理想螺旋角时,蜗轮齿面上才能出现二次接触线;在加工允许的螺旋角取值范围内,螺旋角越大越有利于齿面啮合性能的改善;以啮合界限线为界的一次接触面和二次接触面构成了二次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的蜗轮齿面。 研究了一次包络TI蜗杆传动在蜗轮齿面磨损后能否出现二次包络TI蜗杆传动的接触现象。通过对一系列相同的设计参数下一次包络和二次包络 TI 蜗杆传动蜗轮齿面形状的分析比较,可得知:当螺旋角大于一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动的理想螺旋角时,一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动经啮合磨损后可以获得二次包络的接触线分布。以提高承载能力、改善润滑状况为目的,以设计参数为优化变量,采用改进的自适应遗传算法对一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动进行了多目标优化设计。优化实例说明将遗传算法应用于一次包络 TI 蜗杆传动优化设计中是可行和有效的,该方法好于传统优化方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 TI worm gearing, namely toroidal involute worm gearing, consists of involutehelical gear and hourglass worm enveloped by the gear. A study on TI worm gearingis significant in theory and valuable in practice for developing a kind of worm reducerwith high efficiency and heavy load capacity. This dissertation mainly investigates TIworm gearing based on meshing theory and optimal design. The content of thisresearch is as follows: According to the theories of differential geometry and gear meshing, a perfect setof meshing system of the single-enveloping TI worm gearing and thedouble-enveloping in an ideal state is established using kinematics method. On the premise of considering boundary condition, meshing performance of thesingle-enveloping of TI worm gearing is carefully studied. Judging conditions formeshing limit line are discussed. The simulation indicates that only when there aretwo meshing limit lines on the worm wheel tooth flank and they coincide with eachother, can an ideal distribution of instantaneous contact lines be obtained on toothsurface. Thus an ideal helix angle of the single-enveloping is obtained. The influenceof design parameters on tooth flank contact status is deeply analyzed, which providestheoretical guide for reasonable selecting of design parameters. Through calculation and simulation, tooth contact analysis is carefully carried outfor the double-enveloping TI worm gearing. The existent condition of the secondcontact lines, the influence of helix angle on the distribution of contact lines on theworm wheel and the tooth shape of the worm wheel are studied. The results show thatonly when helix angle is bigger than the ideal helix angle of the single-enveloping,can the second contact lines appear on the worm wheel; within the allowed machinerange of helix angle, the bigger the helix angle, the better the meshing performance;the worm wheel tooth flank of the double-enveloping consist of the first contactsurface and the second which are bounded by meshing limit line each other. Whether the contact phenomena in the double-enveloping TI worm gearing canoccur in the single-enveloping with enough wear on friction surface, which is studied.By comparing the single-enveloping TI worm gearing with the double-enveloping,their tooth shapes of worm wheel are analyzed. The conclusion is drawn when thehelix angle is bigger than the ideal helix angle of the single-enveloping, the contactline distribution pattern of the double-enveloping can occur on the tooth flank of the<WP=5>single-enveloping after enough meshing wear. For the sake of increasing the load capability and improving lubrication status,magnified adaptive genetic algorithm (MAGA) is adapted in multi-object optimaldesign for single-enveloping TI worm gearing. The example testifies it’s practicableand effective to apply MAGA to the optimal design of single-enveloping TI wormgearing, and MAGA is better than conventional optimal methods.更多还原