诗学形而上学的建构与解构

【作者】 莫运平；

【导师】 王元骧；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 文艺学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 从宽泛的意义上来说,人类思维同时包含着建构和解构的两个维度,人类思想也是在建构与解构的矛盾中不断前进的。形而上学从其产生始其内部也同时蕴含了建构和解构双重因子。不过,至解构主义,形而上学作为整体又遭到了解构。因此,形而上学的发展史有着一个明显的从建构走向被解构的历程。诗学的发展也参与了形而上学这一发展过程,或者说,诗学的发展因受哲学的影响,也有着一个在形而上学理论预设下的建构到对形而上学的解构的过程。如果不对传统诗学建构的理论预设及解构主义诗学的观念和方法加以厘清,那么,对于西方诗学的研究和批判吸收将会成为无的放失。本文共分四章,具体分析诗学形而上学的建构和解构历程,并在此基础上提出一种后形而上学语境中诗学应该转向生存论诗学的设想。第一章“传统诗学形而上学的建构”,主要考察在形而上学语境下传统诗学的建构。逻各斯、真理和正义是形而上学的三个核心概念,形而上学就是以这三个概念建立起自己的体系并影响到传统诗学的。传统诗学即是以这三个概念作为理论预设建构起来的。第二章“解构诗学对形而上学的拆毁”,主要分析解构主义诗学是如何参与解构传统形而上学的。它首先是解构了哲学/文学的传统二元对立,终结了诗学的形而上学预设;其次是通过一系列的批评实践解构了形而上学在解读文本时的指导作用,从而消解了传统诗学。第三章“建构中的解构”,从广义的解构的意义上分析诗学形而上学内部的解构历程。形而上学有着超越性和规范性的双重品性及知识形而上学和道德形而上学双重内容,这注定了形而上学的命运从其产生就会纠缠在不断的建构与解构之中。第四章“诗学之自我反思”,提出了诗学无论是建构还是解构都应有一个自我反思的精神。而反思主要有知识论立场及生存论立场两种。基于知识论立场上诗学反思的不足,本文最后提出在后形而上学语境中,应该建立一种生存论诗学,这既是对知识形而上学的克服和超越,又是对道德形而上学的保留,同时也是使诗学回到生活世界的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Defined from a broad sense, human thinking consists of the two dimensions of construction and deconstruction simultaneously, and it has been advancing constantly in the conflicts of construction and deconstruction. Metaphysic, too, consists of the dual factors of construction and deconstruction ever since it came into being. However, when it reached to the stage of the deconstructionism, Metaphysic was further deconstructed as integrity. Therefore, the developing history of Metaphysic is. a process obviously featuring construction and being deconstructed. The development of poetic has been joining the history of metaphysical progress. In other words, the poetic, being affected by philosophy, also bears a process of from the stage of construction under the theoretical preconditions of metaphysic to the stage of deconstruction of metaphysic. ’Without a clarification to the theoretical preconditions of traditional poetic construction and the ideas and approaches of the poetic of deconstructionism, the study and critical assimilation of the western poetic will lose its direction. This paper comprises of 4 chapters. It analyses concretely the process of construction and deconstruction of poetic metaphysic and puts forward an idea that the poetic should transform to existential poetic in the context of post-metaphysic.Chapter I. "The construction of traditional poetic metaphysic", exploring mainly the construction of traditional poetic under the context of metaphysic. Metaphysic has three core conceptions of logos, truth and justice, on the basis of which metaphysic built it’s own system and affected the traditional poetic. And the traditional poetic was constructed under the theoretical precondition of these three conceptions.Chapter II. "Deconstruction to metaphysic of the poetic of deconstructionism", analyzing mainly how the poetic of deconstructionism joined in the deconstructing of traditional metaphysic. Firstly, it deconstructed the traditional dualistic contradiction of philosophy/ literature, and put an end to the precondition of poetic metaphysic. Secondly, through a series of critical practice, it deconstructed the instructional function of metaphysic in reading the text, thus deconstructed the traditional poetic.Chapter m. "The deconstruction in construction", analyzing the deconstruction process inside poetic metaphysic from a broad sense of deconstruction. Metaphysic has a dual nature of transcendence and standardization and a dual contents of knowledge metaphysic and morality metaphysic, which decided that metaphysic would be involved in a process of constant construction and deconstruction ever since it came into being.Chapter IV. "Self-reflection of the poetic", putting forward an idea that, no matter it is construction or deconstruction, the poetic should have a spirit of self-reflection. There are two sorts of reflection, knowledge reflection and existential reflection. Due to the inadequacy of knowledge-related poetic reflection, the closing part of the paper suggested that there be an existential poetic in the context of post-metaphysic, which is not only an overcoming and transcendence of knowledge metaphysic, but also a reserve of morality metaphysic Meanwhile, it is an effective approach of having the poetic return to life.更多还原