【作者】 毛范海；

【导师】 刘培德； 万祖基；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械制造及自动化， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 随着世界各国对环境保护和降低能源消耗的重视，对如何改善柴油发动机的工作性能，使之向轻污染、低消耗的方向发展提出了更高的要求。其中燃油喷射系统的喷射质量对柴油发动机的工作性能的影响至关重要，本文对AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型建模进行了研究。 本课题是大连理工大学与大连油泵油嘴厂合作的计算机辅助设计项目的子课题。论文研究的AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统为一种燃油喷射压力相对较低的直列式常规柱塞式燃油喷射系统。柱塞式燃油喷射系统工作模型常规建模方法主要是通过试验测试建模所需参数，进行理论模型分析以及再试验测试最终完成建模。建模工作需预先完成大量的参数试验测试工作。针对上述柱塞式燃油喷射系统工作模型建模中工作量大、过程长问题，本文提出一种新的柱塞式燃油喷射系统工作模型的建模研究方法。通过对燃油喷射系统工作机理的分析和对有关相近类型喷油泵喷射系统研究成果的综合，建立了原理理论模型；再通过对比实测试验结果，分析其影响因素并引入修正系数，以进一步提高模型精度。考虑AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统原理理论模型计算结果与实测数据之间存在的差异，本文提出了在原理理论模型中引入流量、压力以及流动阻力修正系数，即对原理理论模型进行修正计算方法，并采用多目标优化和回归分析方法对修正系数进行求解。论文工作主要有以下三方面： 1．在分析燃油喷射系统工作机理以及综合有关相近类型喷油泵喷射系统研究成果基础上，经过分析引入修正系数，建立了AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型。 2．研究了AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型进行仿真分析的数值求解方法。针对原理理论模型仿真分析与实测数据的差异，研究工作运用优化方法中多目标优化问题的求解方法，首先对AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型建模引入的修正系数进行了求解；针对不同工况优化仿真分析所得的修正系数数值不同特点，再应用回归分析方法，对优化后得到的修正系数进行了线性回归分析，建立了修正系数的回归方程，完成了AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型的构建。根据所建立的AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型，对实际一组工况进行了系统仿真预测与检验。其检验结果与实际测试值基本吻合。本论文所提出的AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统的计算机建模原理及理论模型修正计算方法，可大为减少建模工作所需的试验工作量，对直列式燃油喷射系统的研究有重要参考价值。 3．采用面向对象技术研制开发了AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统工作模型及仿真分析的CAD软件，软件用户界面友好，人机交互方便。 同时本课题针对工程实际需要，对AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统涉及到的RFD型调速器特性性能进行了理论研究。建立了RFD型调速器特性性能研究的工作模型，研制了盯D型调速器特性性能研究的CAD软件，减少了试凑法试验测试调速器性能所必需的诸多试验。此外，根据实际需要亦对AD型喷油泵燃油喷射系统涉及到的凸轮结构型式进行了研究，重点研制了用于凸轮运动学特性参数计算的CAD软件。 根据燃油喷射系统研究研制的CAD软件现已用于实践，合作工厂评价为“对产品设计开发有重要指导意义，为新产品开发的一项重要工具手段”。 在实践上，本课题研究成果有其工程推广应用前景，如可用于其它类型直列式常规柱塞式燃油喷射系统以及属于位置控制的电控喷油系统研究中。本课题的研究有其现实意义，并具有明显的经济和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 With paying more and more attention to environment protection and energy consumed in the world, an even higher demand is proposed to the performance of diesel engine in order to reduce exhaust emissions and cut down the consumption of raw materials. The injection quality of the performance of the fuel injection system is very important for diesel engine. The research on modeling and analysis of a fuel injection system of AD type pump are discussed in this dissertation.The subject discussed in this dissertation is related to a collaboration project between Dalian University of Technology and Dalian Fuel Injection Equipment Factory, which is financially supported by Factory. The AD type pump injection system is a typical one in fuel injection systems, and has quite popular applications. Modeling on injection system of AD type pump is very important in research and practice. To build the model of fuel injection system, the traditional approach is first implementing a great deal of fundamental experiments, collecting the experimental data, then analyzing and doing more supplementary experiments recursively to get a reasonable model. The traditional approach is expensive and high time consumed. A new approach for building the model of fuel injection system of AD type pump is proposed in this dissertation, which consists of two stages. Based on overview and analysis of the research results on fuel injection system published in science literatures, a reasonable prototype theoretical model can be established in the first stage. During the second stage, some key modified coefficients are added to the prototype theoretical model, and some typical working data are required. After that a following optimization procedure is done to get the refined values of the modified coefficients, which will let the simulation data based on computation model coincide with the experimental data. Research on modeling on fuel injection system of AD type pump includes three aspects as follows:1. Based on fuel injection system working principle and its studies, a working modeling for AD type pump is established.2. Numerical computation methods for fuel injection system of AD type pump are developed in the dissertation. With the use of the prototype model for AD type pump directly, there are some deviations between simulation data and experimental data. A working model of fuel injection system of AD type pump is established. The modified discharge coefficient, pressure coefficient and resistance coefficient of the working model have been accomplished by optimization. These modified coefficients have different calculating results when the conditions change. Based on the optimum results of these parameters, the modified coefficients equations are set up by regression, and the working model of AD type pump is accomplished. The theoretical research based on the proposed methods can not only reduce some experiments, but also reveal the influence of the variations of the system parameters on fuel injection characteristics.3. The Object-Oriented technology is used in the work. The software is developed for fuel injection system of AD type pump.In addition, the performance of speed regulator is discussed and its modeling by computer is described. That the profile of the cam which drives the plunger motion determines the fuel feed system directly is also discussed.The software has been used by Dalian Fuel Injection Equipment Factory and more suitable for designers.The research result can be expansively applied to other related area, such as some other traditional fuel injection systems (for example P7 type pump) and electronic position controlled fuel injection systems.更多还原