【作者】 谭涛；

【导师】 王凯；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 供应链是围绕核心企业，从采购原材料开始，制成中间产品以及最终产品，最后由销售网络把产品送到消费者的各级供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商直到最终顾客连成一个整体的功能网链结构模式。供应链不仅是一条联接供应商到顾客的物料链，而且是一条增值链，物料在供应链上因加工、包装、运输等过程而增加其价值。供应链管理的最终目标是将链条中的信息流、物流、资金流等整合起来，以顾客需求为导向，最终达到顾客满意最大化与供应链整体生产成本最小化的平衡状态。 与工业产品相比，农产品具有易腐败，生长有一定的自然周期，产品易受生物、季节、气候等自然环境影响，且原料质量对最终加工产品的质量有重要影响等一些区别于制造业的特殊属性，因而农产品供应链有自己相对独特的一面。为此，将供应链上游的广大分散农户有机地组织起来，使之与处于链条中游的加工企业建立战略合作关系。同时，加快“农改超”进程，以城市连锁超市或大型仓储超市为主要消费地点，提供安全、快捷、高品质以及高附加值的农业加工产品，打造一条以加工与配送为核心的供应链，从而为我国农业未来的发展提供一个思路。 供应链管理的根本目的是在满足消费者需求的同时获得供应链的整体利益。国外经验表明，实施供应链管理的主要障碍来自于组织内部和贸易伙伴间的协调。以往传统的纵向一体化农业企业所采用的垂直型组织结构使得每一个职能部门都能够独立完成自己的任务且独立评估其绩效，而供应链管理对传统企业所造成的变革却是跨越职能界限的，传统的组织结构给供应链管理的实施带来了很大的障碍，更为严重的是，每个成员都过分地关注自身的利益得失，而很少从整体角度来考虑共同的利益。这些过多重视自身利益最大化的行为往往与供应链的整体获益能力发生冲突。为此，打造高效率的一体化供应链需要一套行之有效的供应链组织机制，在供应链伙伴成员之间建立信任、诚实和开放的组织合作关系，以获得供应链整体利益的最大化。 本文围绕农产品供应链的组织效率展开阐述。所谓供应链的组织效率，是指由于供应链的各个成员在建立相互信任的基础上，通过集体的协作将供应链整合为一个有机整体，最终促进供应链的整体获益。供应链的组织效率可以用合作效摘要率与供应链整体的成本削减二个指标反映，合作效率体现的是供应链成员是否能够通过合作获得效益，而成本削减则说明供应链内部各个成员是否能够通过合作降低整体的运作成本，同时，笔者将影响供应链组织效率的因素归纳为合作能力、合作不确定性、合作意向以及合作条件四大类，其中，合作不确定性作为外生变量，间接地影响着合作能力的发挥. 本文的核，心内容是探讨农产品供应链组织效率影响因素.在综述大量文献的基础上，本文构建了农产品供应链组织效率假设模型并加以检验.为此，本文选取了南京市蔬菜行业作为实证对象，设计出一套适用于本研究的调查方案与调查问卷，对南京市蔬菜行业中的批发市场、加工企业与生产基地展开重点调查以获取第一手的数据资料，通过探索性因素分析与信度分析对调查方案与数据进行有效性检验，进而建立结构方程模型与回归模型，验证供应链组织效率假设模型中的各项假设，并对影响农产品供应链组织效率的诸多因素进行详细论述.最后，本文在结合南京市蔬菜行业现状的基声出上，建立了理想的南京市蔬莱供应链组织管理模式，试图为促进南京市蔬莱行业发展提供一个思路. 本文所运用的实地问卷调查、主成分分析、信度分析、结构方程模型与回归分析等方法多见于组织行为学与，“理学领域的研究当中，笔者将其应用于评价供应链组织效率方面，并做了诸多修正与调整，目前国内这方面的相关研究还很少，本研究试图在此有所突破.同时还要特别加以说明的是，本文的研究中不涉及具体的数值，只是通过问卷反映出一种程度，论文始终围绕着论证供应链组织效率的诸多影响因素以及这些因素之间的关系而展开. 全文共分为六章.前二章主要对大量文献进行了综述，提出了供应链组织效率假设模型，为本文的研究莫定理论基础;第三章针对本文研究数据的获取设计了一套较为完善的调查方案与调查问卷;第四、五章则在对调查方案与调查数据的有效性进行检验之后，建立结构方程模型与回归模型对第二章所提出的假设进行检验;第六章给出了研究结论，并提出理想中的南京市蔬菜供应链组织管理模式.最后，本文在附录一中提供了调查表的全文，在附录二中提供了南京市蔬菜行业的现状. 具体如下: 第一章:导言.提出本文的研究问题与研究背景，并明确研究这一问题的意义所在;介绍本文所运用的研究方法与数据，明确研究目的，并就本文的研究框架进行大致的描述. 第二章:农产品供应链组织效率假设模型的提出.回顾国内外诸多有关农业纵向整合、战略联盟以及供应链组织效率管理的相关文献，提出了农产品供应组织效率假设模型，为本文的后续研究莫定基础.摘要 第三章:调查方案设计。本文的数据主要来自实地调查，本章围绕着如何对南京市蔬菜行业开展实地调查进行论述，重点对数据更多还原

【Abstract】 A Supply chain is a functional network configuration that consists of all stages involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer request. The supply chain not only includes the manufacturer and suppliers, but also transportes, warehouses, retailers, and customers themselves. Supply chain is not only a simple chain that join the supplier to customer, but also a value-added chain that the materiel can add its value from the stage of processing, packaging, and transporting. The fundamentality goal of supply chain is integrating the information flow, materiel flow, and capital flow in the chain, and include all functions involved filling a customer request, and finally reached a balance of the maxing customer satisfaction and minimizing total production.Compared with manufacturing, agrifood chain has some particular character associated with the nature, such as corruptible, easily affected by entironment, the instability of final product quality and having nature lifecycle. Due to these causation, it is important to systemize the dispersed farmer in the upstream of the supply chain, and together with the processor building the strategic cooperation. Furthermore, in the course of designing a supply chain with supplying safety, shortcut, high quality and high value-added product, it is also importantion to accelerate the process of bazzar to supermarket, and depend on the large-scale storehouse and city multiple shop.The ultimate aim of the supply chain involve filling a customer request meanwhile obtain the integer advantage. Many literature indicate that the main obstacle of the supply chain management is the collaboration of the inner participant and commerce parter. Unlike the old organize configuration, Supply chain management make a new reform, and include all functional department of traditional enterprise. Owing to the excessively attention of the parter, the integer advantage was always confilt to the individual in the old combining model. To max the whole benefit, it’s important to build a integer and high efficency supply chain, and form a effective organization mechanism, and establish the trusting, honest and opening coorperation.The main aim of this dissertation is discussing the organization efficiency ofagrifood supply chain. The organization efficiency is the whole supply chain profit capability that base to building trust relationship. Cooperating efficiency and cost reducted is two indicators that explain the mean of organization efficiency. In the meanwhile, auther definited four indicators which affect the organization efficiency. They are collaborate capability, cooperate uncertaincy, cooperate willing and cooperate condition.According to a lot of correlative literature, auther constructed a hypothetic model of organization efficiency of supply chain and verified it. The Nanjing vegetable industry was choosed to be the demonstration object. First the author design a suit of investigating mothed and questionnaire, and then implemented pertinency investigating on the spot and get the first-hand data. Second, the explore factor analysis and the reliability analysis was used to insure the reliability of the investigating mothed and questionnaire, afterwards, the author uses SEM and regression model to test the hypothetic model. Last, hi the base of the previous analysis, a perfect organization model of Nanjing vegetable supply chain was established. Motheds of this dissertation were generally used to the study of organization behavior and psychology, the author tried to apply these mothed to evaluate the organization efficiency of supply chain, and it is few similar research inChina.It’s the framework of the dissertation.Chapter 1: Introduction. The major subject, background and significance are discussed. The research framework include method, data are also introduced.Chapter 2: The configuration of a hypothetic model of organization efficiency of supply chain. On the basis of literature, this dissertation made systematic analysis for agricultural vertical integration, strate更多还原