论我国城市化战略的可持续性

【作者】 曾芬钰；

【导师】 许经勇；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 经济思想史， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 人是社会的主体。人是根本和目的，不是手段。人的发展具有非终极性和可持续性。中国自古以来就有“民惟邦本、本固邦宁”、“天地之性，人为贵”的“以人为本”之理念。所以，“人性的首要法则就是维护自身的生存，人性的首要关怀就是对于人自身的关怀。”人的生存和发展需要及其现实满足程度是社会发展的基本出发点。而人的生活质量提高、及人的自由全面发展则是世界各国经济增长与社会发展所追求的终极目标和最高原则。 人的存在表明：人具有从低级到高级的多层次需求。城市是人类为满足自身生存和发展需要而创造的人工环境。是人类文明在空间上的结晶。是人类安全需要的产物。城市的产生与发展，与人的层次需求密切相关，并为人的各种需求和全面发展提供了生存的空间和发展的平台。 城市化，是满足人们生活需求、提高人们生活水平与生活质量、促进国民经济增长与发展的重要途径和手段。城市化的本质与社会发展的目标一致：即不断提高人们的生活水平和生活质量，满足人的全面发展。我国城市化滞后已从多方面影响到我国国民经济发展及人民生活水平的提高，这与建国以来城市化战略受重工业优先发展的战略指导方针有关。城市化战略应如何保持其连续性、客观性、公平性及可持续性即是本文论述的重点。 本论文突破一般就城市化论城市化的写作模式，提出城市化发展战略应坚持“以人为本”的理念，并要遵循社会经济发展规律及城市化自身发展规律。论文论述了城市化的本质、城市化与“以人为本”及人的自由全面发展、城市化战略应遵循的生产力发展规律及城市化自身发展规律。回顾了国外发达国家与发展中国家城市化道路的发展历程。对建国以来我国工业化与城市化道路所取得的成就与付出的代价进行了反思。论文通过深入分析论证，说明城市化可持续发展战略的近期目标是农村工业化与提高城市竞争力。从城市现代化、生态城市、效率与公平、公平与正义等方面论述城市化可持续发展战略的中长期目标应该是满足人们高层次生活需求、消除城乡对立和城乡差别，在体现社会公平与正义的前提下，优先考虑并尽量满足“处于社会最不利地位人们的最大利益”，从而实现全体人民共奔小康、共同富裕的社会主义本质，实现全体人民的自由全面发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Human beings are the subjects of the society, being the essence and purpose instead of means. Their development is characteristic of being non-ultimate and sustainable. So, the improvement of men’s living standards and men’s full and free development becomes the ultimate aim and the supreme principle of world economic growth and social development.Men’s existence proves that their needs are multi-dimensional ranging from the very basic to the real advanced. The birth and development of the city is closely related to the level of men’s needs and still provides space for the survival and full development of various human needs.Urbanization is the vital means and device to satisfy human needs, to improve their life quality and promote the national economic growth. Its essence coincides with the aim of social development, i.e., to ever improve people’s living standard and satisfy their full and free development. But the lag of our urbanization has in many ways affected our national economic growth and improvement of people’s living standards. This, of course, has something to do with the national strategic priority of heavy industry development since 1949. Therefore, this dissertation will focus on its discussion about the continuity, objectivity, justice and sustainability of urbanization.Departing from the general scheme of discussion on this topic, the dissertation argues that urbanization strategies should stick to the conception of "men as essential" and follow the natural law of social economic growth and urbanization itself. It covers discussion about the essence of urbanization, the relations between urbanization and "men as essential" and still the natural laws as mentioned above. By way of in-depth analysis, the dissertation proves that the short-term aim of sustainable urbanization development is to industrialize agriculture on the one hand, and strengthen urban competitive power on the other. While a medium-range and long-term aim of the strategy should be to satisfy people’s needs of higher level, eliminate the rural-urban contrasts and differences and on the premise of realizing social justice, the priority should be given to the needs of those "who are situated in the most unfavorable social status", so that the socialist essence of communal wealth and men’s full and free development could eventually be realized.更多还原