【作者】 赵之枫；

【导师】 单德启； 王路；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 在我国，农村人口占主导、农村地域广大这些基本国情决定了我国农村建设研究的重要性。随着城市化进入加速时期，乡村发生了巨大的变化，已不再是原来意义上从事单纯个体农业生产的聚落，社会分化带来异质性增强，农村的生产要素面临着分化和重新组合的要求，从分散走向集聚。村庄集聚是村庄空间发展的趋势，但是由于长期以来对村镇规划的忽视，尤其是对于小城镇镇域内部空间组织研究几乎仍是空白，造成现有的村庄规划理论严重滞后于规划实践的发展，实践中往往用简单化的空间集聚模式来处理当今多样化和复杂化的新型农村，缺乏对村庄建设融合多学科的深入细致的分析和研究，导致规划实施乏力。因此，必须对此加以深入、细致的研究，推动乡村转型，促进城乡协调发展。这一研究对于建构更为完善的农村发展理论体系，指导农村建设有重要的理论价值和实践意义。本文力图借鉴各学科的研究成果，通过综合研究和分析城市化加速时期村庄集聚的背景、机制、特点，把握村庄结构的变迁。结合多层次规划实践，从新经济增长方式下区域整体发展的角度出发，探讨具有普遍意义的规划理论，并进而研究保证村庄集聚规划实施的制度创新与方法革新，以求得整体最佳的解决方案和政策建议，促进农村地区的可持续发展。首先，拓宽研究视角，综合乡村社会学、地理学、经济学等多学科研究成果，立足于农村社会经济文化发展，全面考察村庄结构转型与集聚的背景与机制，探讨城市化加速时期村庄结构转型的一般趋向。指出村庄结构的变迁是和农村社会经济的变迁与重构密不可分的。农村工业、农业以及剩余劳动力的分化与重组孕育了村庄的分化与重组。村庄集聚是农村社会各种资源要素重组和整合的要求，是农村社会发展到一定阶段的必然产物。其次，研究突破就城市论城市、就乡村论乡村的传统视角的局限，结合规划设计实践，将村庄放入城乡体系中进行整体的研究，从观念和规划模式层面提出以新经济增长方式下的区域整体发展原则指导村庄集聚的新规划理念，努力构建符合产业发展和城乡关系的合理村镇体系结构，从宏观上推动村庄集聚的可持续发展。最后，结合村庄集聚建设实践，从多层面研究市场经济条件下的村庄建设，提出相关制度创新的政策建议，为我国村庄建设实践和具体管理的运作提供可操作的实质性意见。要建立健全适应市场经济的农村宅基地有偿使用制度，推行符合农村建房特点的农村合作建房制度，以及采取适宜乡村特点的建设方法，在新乡村建设中促进聚落建设的自主性、渐进性和适宜性，具体指导村落建设。更多还原

【Abstract】 To take a careful study on village construction is very important in our country, which is in the basic situation of predominant rural population and huge rural area.With the rapid development of urbanization, the country is changing remarkably. It is no more the settlement working only on individual agriculture. Social differentiation has further caused heterogeneous characters. As a result, it is inevitable for country including its production elements to walk toward centralization instead of decentralization.However, to plan a diversified and complicated new style village only by a model of simple space centralization is incompetent. Since a theory on country planning and construction is still almost blank and actually has lagged behind practice, a deep comprehensive analysis and research by syncretizing poly-subjects should proceed. Therefore, this study will be very important to country revolution and harmonious urban and rural development. A mature theory system to instruct rural construction will be necessary and greatly valuable.This paper presents some main research achievements on this theory.First, this paper has fully analyzed and studied the background, system and characters of village revolution and centralization under the rapid development of rural society and economy by syncretizing the research results of several correlative subjects, such as sociology, geography, economics, etc. And some important conclusions have been made: the flux of village structure is closely interrelated to the development and re-organization of rural society and economy; the differentiation and re-organization of a village are the direct results from that of rural industry, agriculture and remnant manpower; village centralization is the natural and inevitable result of society development in requirement to re-organization of social resources and production elements.Second, a study on country has been done under holistic urban-rural system instead of original method, which has been done only under urban or rural system. This paper presents a new idea that planning of village centralization must adapt to holistic development in a region in order to form a reasonable village-town system and ensure its sustainable development.Finally, based on social investigation and case studies, this paper gives some detail suggestions on new policy system and administration method about village construction: set up a new payable using system of reserved housing area to adapt to market economy; popularize cooperative construction system and method to adapt to the situation in country; make village construction more democratic, gradual and appropriate.更多还原