【作者】 陈石灵；

【导师】 张友良；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 全球化经济的发展，使得制造企业在国际范围的竞争中意识到企业间必然要由相互竞争过渡到相互协作，协力攫取新的市场机遇。与此相适应，协同产品开发是产品设计领域的必然发展趋势。协同产品开发的基本特点是并行化和协同化，支持协同产品开发的工作流管理是保证协同产品设计有效进行的关键技术。通过对协同产品开发环境中工作流管理技术的研究，可以支持制造企业以更短的产品开发周期、更高的产品质量和更低的产品成本和更好的售后服务赢得市场竞争，具有十分重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。 本文首先根据协同开发环境中工作流管理系统的特点和需求，提出了协同开发环境中工作流管理系统的体系结构，为构造实际的面向协同产品开发的工作流管理系统确定了方向。指出了实现协同开发环境中工作流管理所需的关键技术，为全文的研究奠定了基础。运用分布式对象技术建立了工作流管理系统基础结构，为多个用户在分布、自治、异构的协同环境中进行产品及其相关过程设计提供了有力的支持。 工作流建模是实现工作流管理的基础，建立面向协同产品开发的工作流模型是实现协同产品开发过程管理的关键。本文提出协同产品开发过程的三层模型，以此为基础建立工作流模型的图形化描述。该模型提供对流程反馈、网络结构动态调整的有效支持，符合工作流管理联盟过程定义标准，为协同产品开发环境的过程集成与协同提供了保障。 工作流运行控制是实现工作流可靠、有效运行的保证，建立良好的工作流运行机制可使整个协同产品开发活动成为一个协调运行的整体。本文根据协同产品开发环境对工作流运行控制的需求，建立了工作流引擎运行控制模型，从规则控制、时间控制和组织控制的角度对工作流运行控制技术进行了详细研究。在规则控制中，主要研究了ECA规则的形式化描述及其在工作流运行控制中的应用；在时间控制中，主要讨论了工作流运行控制的时间参数和其中关键活动计算；在组织控制中，主要研究了协同产品开发环境对基于角色的存取控制技术的影响。工作流运行控制技术的研究为工作流的正确运行，并驱动协同产品开发中的数据流、业务流等运行提供有力支持。 工作流管理与项目管理集成是协同产品开发过程管理的必然。协同产品开发通常是一个项目，本文分析了协同产品开发项目的特点，提出了协同产品开发项目管理系统结构，比较了工作流管理与项目管理的差异，在此基础摘要博士论文上提出了工作流管理、项目管理集成解决方案。通过项目模型、工作流模型的转换，实现两者紧密集成，提高项目管理的过程监控能力和工作流管理的自动执行能力。最后，引入能力成熟度模型为企业协同产品开发的过程管理提供实施框架。 根据协同产品开发环境中工作流管理系统的体系结构和对工作流管理相关理论和技术的研究，我们开发了应用于协同产品开发环境中的工作流管理系统。文章的最后详细介绍了该系统的实现方法和应用实例。 本文的成果为开发人员在协同环境下完成产品开发任务提供了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the development of economy globalization, manufacturing enterprises realize the necessity of transition from competing to cooperating with each other in order to grasp the new market opportunities when they face the international competition. To adapt to the change, Collaborative Product Development has become the main trend in the field of design. The characteristics that distinguish it from other design methods are concurrent ness and cooperation. As a strong tool of process management, workflow management is one of the key technologies to support the implementation of CPD. The research of it can short the product development time, improve the quality of design, reduce the product cost and improve the quality of the service that will lead the great enhancement of the competition capability of the manufacturing enterprises.In this dissertation, the architecture of workflow management system is proposed to meet the requirements of the application in CPD environment, which will establish a strong foundation for the further research. Then the key techniques to build the system, including workflow modeling, runtime control and integration with project management, are discussed in detail in the next parts of the dissertation. The workflow infrastructure is established using distributed object technology to support the architecture in the cooperation environment of HAD (heterogeneous, autonomous, distributed).Workflow Modeling is the first step to implement the workflow management. The paper firstly introduces theproduct-activity-organization process model oriented to the CPD environment, then construct the workflow model by means of graphical description and script description, which support the workflow feedback and dynamic adjustment effectively and accord with the standard of the process definition set by workflow management coalition. These methodsused will ensure the realization of the process integration and cooperation in the CPD environment.Workflow Runtime Control is to guarantee the operations effectively and efficiently run in the workflow management. The paper analyzes the requirements of workflow runtime control in CPD environment, constructs the runtime control model of workflow engine and studies in detail its implementation using the following three methods: rule control, time control and organization control. Formalization description of Event-Condition-Action rules and its application are researched to improve the workflow flexibility. Workflow key activities and their computation based on the workflow time parameter are discussed to strengthen the workflow response ability. Then, different effect of CPD environment to the role based access control is studied to increase the workflow adaptation. All the research ensures workflow run exactly and drive the data flow and operation flow powerfully.The integration of workflow management and project management is inevitable trend in collaborative product development. As a project, the development’s characteristics are analyzed and the project management is discussed to build the architecture oriented to the CPD environment. Then, the integration solution is put forward by the model conversion between the project model and the workflow model, which will enhance the automation degree of workflow management. In the end, capability maturity model is introduced to provide the implementation frame for the process management of CPD.We have developed the workflow management system in CPD environment according to the architecture of the system and the theories researched in the dissertation. At the end of this dissertation, the realization methods and their application in the system are introduced. The endeavor of this dissertation establishes the basis for the computer supported collaborative product development.更多还原