【作者】 冀名峰；

【导师】 何秀荣；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 中国粮食流通体制改革的核心问题是寻找一种可以同时实现以下目标的改革设计：在任何条件下够获得足够的商品粮以保证稳定的市场供给，有效解决国有粮食企业效率低下问题，实现较为彻底的政企分开以减轻国家财政负担，提高粮食市场的运作效率和稳定性，增强国家对粮食市场的宏观调控能力，促进粮食流通现代化。本项研究力图通过深入剖析现有粮食体制的关键性症结来寻找符合我国现实情况的经济、有效、可操作的粮改备选方案。 论文选择粮食主产区县级国有粮食系统(论文定义为国有粮食企业)作为研究切入点。深入剖析了主产区县级国有粮食系统内部结构、制度安排及其行为模式，探讨了国有粮食企业的市场环境和市场性质，理清了国有粮食企业与政府之间错综复杂的关系，分析了上述因素对我国粮食市场机制有效运作的影响和含义，最后提出了一个粮食流通体制改革的解决方案。 论文首要的研究结论为：目前国有粮食企业的规模和边界是由行政体制决定的，其负责人也是按行政官员的任命程序从当地行政系统产生的，这种行政体制决定国有粮食企业制度、规模、经营边界以及企业家资源配置的作法是目前我国国有粮食企业效率低下和粮食市场机制效率低下的主要根源。其一，这种体制导致了企业家资源配置的失败。多数县级国有粮食企业负责人虽然可能是一个合格的行政官员，却不是一个合格的企业家。其二，这种体制导致了国有粮食企业内部效率低下。国有粮食企业负责人的官员特性使其更多地考虑自身在当地行政系统的政治基础，而难以实施真正有效的改革。其三，这种体制导致了国有粮食企业在市场态势可能发生重大变化时选择相互模仿的预期方式和相互一致的供给行动。而国有粮食企业相互一致的供给行为方式是导致我国粮食市场是缺乏效率的重要基础，也是国家对粮食市场实施宏观调控难以取得成效的重要原因。 论文的另一个主要研究成果是提出了以大中城市大型粮食及其加工制品分销系统重组主产区县级国有粮食系统的渐进式改革方案。这个方案虽然在理论上不一定是最佳方案，但却能够有效解决上述主要问题，因而是在目前状况下可能能够实际推行并具有效果良好的一个备选方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 The key to the reform of China’s grain marketing system is to explore a kind of design which can reach the following objectives: acquiring sufficient grain to guarantee market supply, solving the problem of low efficiency in state-owned grain marketing enterprise, separating enterprise’ responsibility from the one of government in grain marketing thoroughly to lighten financial burden, increasing the efficiency and stability of grain market and enhancing government’s macroscopic adjustment and control ability to grain market. The dissertation makes effort to explore economical, effective, feasible scenario for grain marketing system reform which is consistent with china’s actuality by means of analyzing the critical problem of present grain marketing system.The dissertation selects county level state-owned grain system in the main grain growing area to which is referred state-owned grain marketing enterprise (SOME) as an object of study. The dissertation thoroughly analyses the inner structure, the institution arrangement and the behavior pattern of SOME, explores the market surroundings of SOME and nature of market, clarifies the relationship between SOME and government, discusses the influence of above factors on China’s grain market operation and provides a solution scheme for grain marketing system reform.The leading conclusion of the dissertation is that the low efficiency of SOME and grain market system is resulted from the administration system which decides SGME’s size, operation boundary and leaders appointment. Firstly, the administration system results in the failure to entrepreneur resource allocation. Most of leaders in SOME may be qualified administrators but not qualified entrepreneurs. Secondly, the administration system leads to low efficiency in SOME. The official role of state-owned grain enterprise leaders induces them to consider their political foundation in local government more than to carry out effective reform in SOME. Thirdly, the administration system results in SGMEs’s similar expectation and consistent supply behaviors when the market changes. It’s SGMEs’s consistent supply behavior that brings about low efficiency of China’s grain market and difficulty in stabilizing market fluctuation.Bringing forward the gradual reform scenario which holds to regroup SOME by means of big-size grain and grain product selling system in mid-and-large city is another main study outcome of the dissertation. While the scenario is not optimal theoretically, it will solve above-mentioned problems effectively and accordingly be the favorable optional one that can be carried out in the present in China.更多还原