【作者】 刘宏友；

【导师】 曾京；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 高速铁路具有运能大、能耗低、安全系数高、污染轻和不受气候影响等综合优势，因而在国外得到了很快的发展。我国目前虽然还处于依靠既有线路提速的办法抗争公路运输和航空运输的发展阶段，但可以预见，在不久的将来，我国的高速铁路事业必将蓬勃发展。 高速列车之所以区别于普通列车的根本原因在于其所处的特殊动态环境，这就为铁路工作者提出了一系列的研究课题。列车系统的动力学性能不仅直接关系到列车运行速度能否提高，而且影响到列车的乘坐舒适性和运行安全性。本论文针对高速列车中的有关关键动力学问题开展深入研究，包括高速列车运动稳定性、非线性随机响应及动态曲线通过动力学的研究等，具有很强的工程应用背景。本文的目的是通过研究，形成完整的高速列车动力学分析理论体系，为我国高速列车的开发研制提供理论基础。 本文按照研究目的的不同，建立了4种车辆动力学模型(模型A～模型D)和2种列车动力学模型(模型E和模型F)，建模过程中尽可能多地考虑了列车(车辆)系统中的各种非线性因素，详细给出了风挡装置、车钩及缓冲器的具体建模方法。所建立的6种动力学模型中，模型A和模型B可用于研究不同轨道条件下车辆的运动稳定性及动态曲线通过性能；模型C和模型D可以用来研究车辆的运动稳定性、动态曲线通过性能及运行平稳性；模型E和模型F是列车系统动力学分析模型，都是由三节车组成的列车单元，三车列车模型作为一个最小的列车单元，包含了头车、中间车和尾车，已能够反映整个列车的动力学特性。模型E和模型F可用于研究列车系统的运动稳定性、运行平稳性及动态曲线通过性能。 本文所做的主要工作有： (1)基于常微分方程的一次近似理论和Hopf分叉理论，重点研究了列车(车辆)系统的非线性运动稳定性。论文首先描述了直线和曲线轨道情况下列车(车辆)系统Hopf分叉速度的具体求法。在求解曲线情况下的列车(车辆)平衡位置时采用了DEPAR延续算法，大大加快了求解速度。本文对极限环的求解也做了较为详细的研究。 (2)利用模型A和模型B研究了车辆系统的非线性运动稳定性，利用模型E和模型F研究了列车系统的非线性运动稳定性。找出了轨道刚度和轨道阻尼对列车(车辆)系统Hopf分叉速度的影响规律，得出了同样轨道条件第11页 西南交通大学博士研究生学位论文下车辆和列车横向运动稳定性的差异，同时得出了同一模型在直线轨道和曲线轨道条件下的不同横向运动稳定性计算结果。在研究过程中，既研究了车辆系统悬挂参数对列车（车辆）HOpf分叉速度的影响，也研究了轨道参数对列车（车辆）系统HOpf分又速度的影响，同时还研究了车间横向连接刚度 导和横向连接阻尼系数对列车系统运动稳定性的影响。 门）研究了车辆和列车的动态曲线通过性能。分别得出了刚性轨道和弹性轨道条件下，高速客车和高速列车的动态曲线通过性能的变化规律。探讨了轨道刚度和轨道阻尼对列车（车辆）曲线通过性能的影响情况，并研究了列车中各车之间的横向连接刚度及横向连接阻尼系数对列车的动态曲线通过性能的影响趋势。研究认为，增大各车之间的横向连接阻尼系数将有利于提高列车的曲线通过性能。适当的横向连接刚度对列车的曲线通过性能是无害的。本文还对存在轨道激扰条件下的列车曲线通过性能进行了研究并得出了相应的结论。 （4）系统地研究了轨道弹性对车辆和列车运行平稳性的影响。还研究了车间横向连接刚度、车间横向连接阻尼系数及横向连接阻尼减振器的安装位置对列车运行平稳性的影响情况。研究发现，无论轨道参数如何，在所分析 利一的速度范围之内，中间车的运行平稳性要好于首车和尾车。对高速列车来说，安装车间横向减振器可改善列车的运行平稳性。 通过本论文的研究，编制了列车（车辆）系统动力学分析软件包＊＊＊YN Al刀。更多还原

【Abstract】 High-speed railway that is developed quickly abroad has advantages in mass transportation capacity, lower energy consumption, safety, slight pollution and not affected by climate. Although China railway is taking measures of raising train speed at existing tracks, it can be forecasted that high-speed railway will be developed flourish before long.The radical difference between high-speed railway and conventional railway is that of the special dynamic environment. Therefore, a series of research tasks emerge from it. The dynamic performance of train system not only affects the increase of speed, but also the ride comfort and running safety. This dissertation focuses on the key dynamics problems about high-speed train that include the hunting stability, nonlinear random response and dynamic curving behavior. The research owns strong engineering background. The goal of the thesis is to form an integrated theory for high-speed train dynamics. The work of the study can instruct the design of the high-speed train in China.According to different research objectives, four kinds of vehicle dynamic models(named from model A to Model D) and two types of train dynamic models(Model E and Model F) are established in this thesis. During the modeling process of the vehicle and train systems, nonlinearities arising from wheel/rail contact geometry, wheel/rail interactive forces and suspension characteristics are fully considered. The modeling methods about vestibule diaphragm, coupler and draft gear are introduced, too. Among the six Models, Model A and Model B can be used to study the vehicle stability and curve negotiation under different track situations. Model C and Model D can be used to carry out the stability, dynamic curving behavior and ride comfort of the high-speed passenger car. Model E and Model F are three-dimension train dynamic models which consist of three cars(head car, intermediate car and tail car). They can be well used to investigate the stability, dynamic curving behavior and ride comfort of the train system.The main research work involves:(1) Based on first order ODE(ordinary differential equation) approximation theory and Hopf bifurcation theory, the nonlinear motion stability of the train is studied emphatically. The concrete method to determine Hopf bifurcation speedsof the train(vehicle) on curved tracks and tangent lines are described. To determine the equilibrium positions of the vehicle or train on curved tracks, a powerful DEPAR continuation algorithm which can improve the calculation speed obviously is adopted. The method used to determine limit cycles is also introduced in the thesis.(2) The vehicle nonlinear stability is studied by use of Model A and Model B. While Model E and Model F are used to investigate the train nonlinear stability. The effect of track stiffness and track damping on high-speed train Hopf bifurcation speed is discussed. The difference of the lateral stability between vehicle and train under the same track conditions is given. During the research course, the effect of bogie suspension parameters, track parameters, lateral link stiffness and lateral link damping between cars on train(vehicle) Hopf bifurcation speed are also educed.(3) The negotiation performance of the vehicle and the train are investigated under rigid and elastic track conditions. The effect of track stiffness, track damping, lateral link stiffness and damping between cars on train(vehicle) dynamic curving behavior are described. Increasing the lateral link damping between cars will improve negotiation performance of high-speed train. The results show that moderate lateral link stiffness between cars will do no harm to train dynamic curving behavior. The dynamic curving behavior of the high-speed train with track irregularity is studied and the corresponding conclusion is drawn.(4) The effect of track elasticity on ride comfort of vehicle and train are systematically studied in the thesis. The effects of lateral link stiffness, lateral link damping coefficient and the installatio更多还原