【作者】 陆璇辉；

【导师】 何赛灵；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 光学工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 本论文主要包括三个部分共八章，除第一章绪论和第八章总结外，主要内容如下： 第一部分(第二、三、四章)主要讨论和分析了决定激光光束的输出特性和光束参量的激光谐振腔，阐述和建立了矩阵本征值方法分析和设计激光谐振腔的系统理论。矩阵本征值方法可以较方便地同时求出多个腔模的场分布，损耗等；也可以根据目标函数定制腔镜。 第二部分(第五章)提出了低衍射光束的概念，简述了实现低衍射光束原理和方法；通过腔内放置衍射元件的方法实现了低衍射光束的输出；并对这种光束进行了理论和实验研究，理论模型结果和实验结果很好地吻合。发现了低衍射光束比高斯光束在激光消融聚合物材料上具有显著的优点。 第三部分(第六、七章)根据矩阵本征值方法分析和设计空心激光光束。在理论上对空心光束进行了分析，并研制了能产生空心光束的衍射光学元件，将其插入激光谐振腔内，实现了空心激光光束。首次提出了对不同空心光束的描述方法，即“高阶贝塞耳-高斯光束”和“空心高斯光束”，分别对上述两种空心光束的传输特性和聚焦特性进行了详细的理论分析和实验研究。 本文的重点是：阐述了利用矩阵本征值方法分析和设计激光谐振腔的系统理论；简述了产生和实现低衍射光束的原理和方法，实验发现了低衍射光束比高斯光束所具有的独特性能；理论设计和研制了衍射光学元件，并通过实验获得空心激光光束，提出了对不同空心光束的描述方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three parts (6 chapters) are included in this dissertation except the 1 st and 6th chapters.The first part (the 2nd, 3rd and 4th chapters) is the theory for analyzing and designing resonators with diffraction optical elements by use of a matrix eigenvalue method. The eigen modes and diffraction loss for a laser cavity have been obtained by this method. The cavity mirror can also be designed according to an objective function.The second part (the 5th chapter) is to introduce the concept of low diffraction beam and to illustrate the principle and method how to realize it. A low diffraction beam is obtained by reconstructing the existing optical resonator of a CO2 laser using a special diffraction phase plate. A theoretical model is provided to predict a laser ablated hole profile and the penetration depth. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Both the experimental and theoretical results show that the low diffraction beam has great advantages over the Gaussian beam in an ablation-dominated material removal processes.The third part (the 6th and 7th chapters) is for a practical application, in which hollow laser beams have been analyzed and designed in terms of the matrix eigenvalue method. The hollow optical beams have been analyzed theoretically, and have been realized experimentally by placinga diffraction optical element in the cavity. As two new models, high-order Bessel-Gaussian beams and hollow Gaussian beams are introduced to describe hollow beams. The results for high order Bessel-Gaussian beams and hollow Gaussian beams propagating through a free space and a focusing lens system are derived respectively in terms of Collins’ integral formula. The experimental results are illustrated.The main work of this dissertation focuses on the analysis and design theory for a resonator with diffraction optical elements by using a matrix eigenvalue method. The principle and method how to realize a low diffraction beam have been described. Both the experimental and theoretical results show that the low diffraction beam has great advantages over the Gaussian beam in an ablation-dominated material removal processes. The hollow optical beams have been analyzed theoretically. They have been obtained experimentally. Two new models, high-order Bessel-Gaussian modes and hollow Gaussian beams, are used to describe hollow beams.更多还原