【作者】 刘顺妮；

【导师】 袁润章；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 本文运用生命周期评价方法对环境材料的概念及其研究内容进行了系统的研究。探讨了环境材料的功能性、经济性和环境协调性三者之间的相互关系。提出在实际应用中环境材料的主要判据，重点研究了水泥与混凝土材料的环境协调性评价。 本文首次建立了水泥混凝土系统的环境协调性评价体系。对水泥混凝土系统环境评价的边界条件、系统内涵和外延、指标化方法等进行了系统的研究。结果表明：水泥生产和使用的主要环境污染来源于电力生产及水泥制造阶段，主要影响方面为能源消耗及温室效应。水泥环境性能改善的关键在于提高能效、减少碳酸质原料用量及改进工业燃烧技术。单纯减少水泥生产阶段煤耗而大大提高电耗并不能从根本上改善水泥的环境性能，而是将污染从水泥制造阶段向电力生产阶段转嫁。水泥煅烧过程的环境污染主要集中在EDP、GWP、POCP等三个指标。改进水泥的煅烧工艺，可以改善其环境性能。 本文首次提出了可完全循环利用的混凝土配合比设计，即：“类水泥生料组分设计”的思想和方法。并通过一系列实验对实现水泥-混凝土完全循环的可行性、循环产品的性能以及环境影响进行了系统研究。结果表明：减少混凝土的水泥用量，减少水泥原料中石灰石的耗量，提高混凝土回收集料的用量是改善水泥-混凝土环境性能的三条主要途径。矿渣细粉对混凝土环境性能改善最为明显。采用高钙硅比的废弃混凝土作为水泥原料，可以煅烧出性能完全相同的水泥而环境性能大大改善。可完全循环利用混凝土各项环境指标明显优于普通混凝土。 可完全循环利用混凝土是建立在工业生态学原理上的设计概念。基于材料功能性和环境协调性整体优化的设计思想，改变了粗放式的资源利用和废弃方式，在进行混凝土的原始组成设计时就预先设计其废弃后的循环利用性能，使混凝土的废弃过程变成水泥原料的再生过程，是生态哲学和系统论的基本观点在水泥混凝土工业的具体实践。所得结论对系统评价和全面改善水泥混凝土体系的环境影响具有一定的理论和现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The content and the concept of Eco-materials is indagated by means of life-circle-assessment(LCA) methods in this paper. The relationship of functionality, economy and environment compatibility is discussed in detail. It is pointed out that the environment impact assessment is the most importment part of LCA during the practical Eco-materials research.It is the first time in this article the environment compatibility assessment method of cement & concrete system is set up .The edge conditions, subregion method, index of environment compatibility assessment system of cement&concrete is studied. The result shows that the pollution of power production and cement manufacture is the main sourece of cement production , the main environment effect aspect is the energy depletion potential and global warming potential. The key to improve the environment property of cement is to increase the energy efficiency, to decrease the carboant raw meal content and to improve the burn technology. It is impossible to improve the environment property with only decreasing the consumption of coal but increasing the consumption of power, which will turn the pollution from the cement manufacture to the power production. The main pollution of burning cement concentrate on the three index which are the energy depletion potential, global warming potential and photochemical oxidant formation.It is also the first time for the article to raise the design of recircuit concrete mix with the component similar as cement raw meal ingredient, and also the practicability, product property and environment impact is indagated by a series of experiments. The result shows that decreasing the cement content in concrete, decreasing the limestone content in raw meal of cement and increasing the recircuit aggregate content in concrete are the main way to improve the environment property. The most effective way to improve the environment property of concrete is to use slag powder in concrete. To use the non-limestone raw meal with higher calcium silicon ratio can get the cement with the same physical and chemicalproperty but better environment property. The synthetic environment property of recircuit concrete is better than ordinary concrete. This kind of concrete made by the design of recircuit concrete mix with the component similar as cement raw meal ingredient can be fully reused but the environment effect is greatly reduced.The recircuit concrete is based on the idea of industrial ecological design.In the view of the whole best design of functionality and environment compatibility.lt changes the extensive resources utilization, wasting and designing it’s wasted recircuit property in advance when primitive design is prepared,making the wasting process of concrete changes into the regeneration process of the raw material of cement .It’s the specific practice of Ecological philosophy and System theory on cement and concrete industry The results given in this article are significant to value correctly and improve overall the environment impact of cement and concrete system in practical and theory.更多还原