【作者】 崔凯；

【导师】 俞文钊；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 知识经济时代以创新为核心，创新是企业生存发展的内在动力。随着市场经济的不断深入和完善，深入了解员工的创新行为，对于有着巨大智力资本储备、但远未充分开发利用的企业具有重大的现实意义。本研究从1999年12月开始深入了30多家企业，跟踪调查了100多个企业创新案例，走访了400多名员工。从管理心理学的角度对企业创新过程中的一些实际问题进行了探索性的研究。主要分为以下几个部分：1、 归纳出企业创新的9个维度，即：观念创新、体制创新、管理创新、技术创新、产品创新、市场创新、营销创新、战略创新以及文化创新。通过问卷调查，发现66％的员工的创新能力没有得到充分发挥。企业重视的是产品创新、技术创新与管理创新，而员工则认为管理创新、观念创新和技术创新更为重要。2、 将企业创新行为过程划分为4个阶段，即创意阶段、建议阶段、准备阶段、实施阶段。归纳出企业创新风险的9个维度，即技术风险、市场风险、资金风险、管理风险、行政风险、战略风险、威信风险、收益风险、职位风险。3、 编制出企业创新环境调查问卷，通过数据分析发现企业创新环境可以划分为四个维度，即经营维度、管理维度、领导维度、氛围维度。从研究结果看各维度与创新环境之间的关系相当密切，结构方程参数分别达到0． 797，0． 917，0． 887，0． 804。在此基础上对中国文化与创新之间的关系进行了探讨。4、 员工对企业创新环境的认知在个体特征水平上有显著的差异。其中员工在企业工作的时间对经营维度、领导维度、组织氛围维度和总体环境有显著性差异；学历对每个维度及总体环境都有极其显著的影响；性别、部门、职务对各个维度没有显著的影响，5、 员工对企业创新环境的认知在企业特征水平上有显著的差异。其中公司成立年限对职业维度和管理维度有显著性差异，公司人数、公司体制、公司发展时期、公司效益以及公司所处的领域对每个维度及总体环境都有极其显著的影响。6、 对提高企业创新能力进行了个案实证研究。以上海永信生物技术有限公司为例，将创新理论应用到企业改制过程当中，通过一系列创新措施使企业走出困境，经营状况得到明显改善。通过本文的研究，对企业创新的现状、过程、风险以及企业创新环境的维度构成形成了一个总体的认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 Innovation is the core of the KnOwledge-econondc and intemal driving fOrce fOrenterprises to survive and develop. Wth the market economic ever increasinglydeepening, improving and consurnmating, profound understanding of employee’sinnovative behavior is of practical magnificence to the enterprises with a huge storageof knowledge caPital, which is far from thorough exploration and utilization. SinceDecember l999, we had visited more than 30 enterprises and investigated more thanl00 innovation cases, involving 400 employees. Some innovative problems wereprobed into by the respect of rnanagement psychology. The research was mainlydivided into 6 peds as follows f1. Inducted were nine dAnensions of enterprise irmovation Which includenotional innovation, instiunional irmovation, managemellt innovation, tecbocalirmovation, product innovation, market innovation, sales innovation, strategyinnovation and culture innovation. The results from questionnaires indicated that thecreativity of majority employees was not fully exerted. The enterprises fOcus onproduct, technical and management innovation; howeveT, the employees place theirmuch emphasis on management, notional and tecndcal innovation on the other hand.2. The enterprise irmovative behavior can be divided into fOur stages whichinclude ide4 proposal, preparation and realization stages in sequence. Ninedimensions of innovation risk were inducted Which include technical, market, caPital,management, executive, strategy, prestige, gaining, and inspector risk.3. The questiormaire was compiled. Based on the statistical analysis of the data.we propose 4 factors that influence employee creativity Which include operation,management, leadership and organization cult-Ure. The index of smicfore eqUaionswere 0.797, 0.917, 0.887 and 0.804 respectively4. The relationship between individual traits and Innovative Environment wasinvestigated. The result indicated that some factors have no sitwficant influence onthe innovative environment, such as sex, dePariInent, age and duty. Other factors suchas work time and education greatly thect the innovative environment.5. The relationship betWeen ellterprise traitS and Innovative Environment wasresearched. The result indicated that some factors have sighficant whuence on theinnovative environrnent, such as the foundaion time, the nUIner of the emPloyees,strength, model, development cycle, profit and field etc.6. Case analysis was used in improving innovative caPability We choseShanghai YOngxin Bio-tech Co., Ltd as practical company. The innovation theorieswere utilized ddring changing the company model. Wth a series of initiativeproceduxe, the company got out of plight and its operation become normal.Based on the above research. we generalize on the Whole an idea of the currentstatus, process and risk of the enterprise innovation, and how to establish boovativeenterprise. At the same time, too much haher work could be requlred as to theresearch. Never stop irmovating.更多还原