【作者】 陈瑶；

【导师】 李如龙；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 本文对官话方言方位结构中的单纯方位词和单用的合成方位词的形式做了较为系纨的研 究。本文运用的主要方法是比较法。通过普通话与官话方言比较，发现在方位词的形式上，官话 与普通话共同点多于差异点。通过官话方言1！个代表点的比较，发现在单用合成方位词的形式 上，这些官话点可以分为东北、西南两片：“北京、哈尔滨、济南、牟平、洛阳”为“东北片”， “武汉、成都、扬州、西安、兰州、太原”为“西南片”。“东北片”中，“北京、哈尔滨”更相 似：“济南、牟平、浴阳”吏相似；“西南片”中，“武汉、成部、扬州”史相似；“＼州、西安、一 太原”较为独特，不过“牛州、西安”相对来说关联较多，太原更加独特。根据这一分片的结果 可以推知这些官话点各自所代表的官话大区之间也有类似的关系，同时也说明将晋语从官话方言 中“分立”出来是有一定道理的。通过古今的比较，发现官话中有特色的方位饲大都是近代汉语 在方言中的存留。方位词是汉语的基本词汇，本文的研究对于弄清官话与普通话在基本词汇上的 关系，理清汉语基本词汇发展的历史脉络都有一定的积极意义；同时，本文根据方位词这一基本 词汇的形式特点对官话方言进行分区，也为官话方言的词汇分区做了一些探索性的工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 We make a systematic study on the forms of the simple Localizers in local phrase and those of the free compound Localizers in Mandarin diale%s. The comparison is the main method in our study. Through the comparison of the Localizers in Mandarin dialects and in putonghua(common speech of Chinese language),it is found that there are more similarity than difference in the forms of the Localizers between Mandarin dialects and putonghua. Through the comparison of the Localizers in the eleven representative locations in Mandarin dialects,according to the formal characteristics of the localizes,the the eleven representative locations are divided into tow subgrouds:The Northeast group (Beijing. Ha抏rbin..Ji抧an. Mouping.. Luoyang)and The Southwest group(Wuhan. Chengdu~ Yangzhou~ Xi抋n. Lanzhou. Taiyuan). In the Northeast group,there is more similarity between Beijing and Ha抏rbin, there is more similarity among Ji抧an,Mouping and Luoyang. In the Southwest group, there is more similarity among Wuhan,Chengdu and Yangzhou; there are some unique characteristics in the localizer forms in Xi抋n,Lanzhou and Taiyuan. In Xi抋n,Lanzhou and Taiyuan,there are more connection between Xi抋n and Lanzhou ,but Taiyuan is more unique characteristics in the localizer forms. According to the grouping of the the eleven representative locations in Mandarin dialects,it is deduced that there are similar relationship among the eight Mandarin dialect areas that are represented by the the eleven locations. At the same time,it is proved that dividing Shanxi Dialects from Mandarin dialects is reasonable. Through the comparison of the Localizers in Mandarin dialects and in ancient Chinese,we find out that some of the unique Locahzer forms in Mandarin dialects are the heritage of the ancient (hinese. The Localizers belong to basic word stock. Through the study of the Localizers,we make clear that the relationgship between Mandarin dialects and pulonghua in basic word stock. On the other hand,we can find Out that developmental process of the Localizers in Chinese. In addition,through the grouping of the the eleven representative locations in Mandarin dialects,we probe into the grouping of the Mandarin dialects based on the characteristics of the lexical forms.更多还原