Objectives To investigate the relationship between the proteinase calpain-I and apoptosis and the significance of these factors for the atrial structural remolding.Methods The left atrial tissues of patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD),who required valve-replacement,were collected in surgical operating.The protein content of calpain-I was examined by Western blotting.The apoptosis index(AI)were measured through TUNEL.The relationship between the two factors was analyzed.Results In patients with chron...