Crop germplasm is a discipline established in the 20th century,based on worldwide exploration and collection and the research on the phenotypes, and geographic distributions of diversities by Vavilov. The first modern crop gene bank was built in USA in 1958. Since then, more than 1300 crop gene banks have been built in the world. More than 6 million accessions (approximately 25 million accessions according to another document)are conserved in these gene banks. Gene banks can be Classified as three types:...