药桑在植物分类学上属桑科,桑属,黑桑种。主要分布于新疆喀什、和田和阿克苏等地区,是国内唯一的花性染色体倍数为22倍体的桑品种,也是新疆目前桑品种分类鉴定中唯一的黑桑种(Morus nigra Linn),在形态分类中为独立的种,并且是比较原始的类型。新疆是目前我国唯一拥有和适宜栽培药桑的地区,有着得天独厚的自然环境和显著的地域优势,以新疆药桑为原料开发绿色食品和中草药剂,前景十分广阔。
阴干粉碎的成熟药桑经乙醇脱脂,水提醇沉法,提取药桑粗多糖,用Sevag法去除蛋白,活性炭脱色,葡聚糖凝胶SephadexG-200柱层析纯化,得到一种纯化多糖,经硫酸水解得到四种单糖组分:鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和甘露糖。采用苯酚-硫酸法测定药桑多糖的含量,薄层色谱、凝胶柱层析、旋光测定法、紫外吸收光谱法鉴定多糖纯度。
用常规的水蒸气蒸馏法提取药桑挥发油,采用GC/MS联用仪分析其挥发油的化学成分。分析结果表明,药桑挥发油化学成分很复杂,挥发性成分中棕榈酸、乙酸-3-十八烯-1-醇酯、4,6-二叔丁基间苯二酚、甲基-3-丁烯基醚及反-2,3-丁二醇含量较高。
采用有机溶剂提取、不同极性溶剂萃取、柱层析、重...
【英文摘要】
Morus.nigra Linn on the plant taxonomy is the Moraceae,mulberry genera, black mulberry varieties. Mainly distributed in Akesu, Hetian and Kashgar and other regions,is the only flower of chromosome ploidy in multiples of 22 mulberry varieties, but also classification and identification of mulberry varieties in Xinjiang is currently the only species of the black mulberry (N.nigra Linn) in the morphological classification as a separate species, and is a primitive type.Xinjiang is the only possession and cultiv...