The discretion possessed by administrations for industry and commerce (“AIC”) in administrative punishment is a critical authority for AIC. Proper exercise of such authority may not only increase the efficiency of AIC’s enforcement of laws, but may also promote the substantive justice in individual cases. However, such authority exists in a wide range and may be abused in the law enforcement. If arbitrarily used, it may infringe the lawful interests of others and bring serious adverse impact on AIC’s author...