气相色谱已经成为分析分离有机混合物样品最主要的仪器设备,色谱柱是色谱分离的核心,常常被生动的称为色谱仪器的心脏。气相色谱的分离是通过样品物质在两相(气体流动相和固定相)之间多次分配,由于样品组分具有不同的分配系数,在固定相内有不同的保留时间而得到分离。20世纪50年代,M.J.E.Goly提出毛细管开管柱用做色谱柱的设想,揭开了毛细管色谱柱迅速发展的序幕,毛细管色谱柱优越的分离性能有利地促进了色谱仪器的应用和发展。根据不同的分配机理,毛细管气相色谱柱分为两种类型,即气-液(含气-液-固)色谱柱和气-固色谱柱;根据固定相在柱内的形态结构,将气-液色谱柱通常简称为WCOT(wall-coated open-tubular column)柱,将气-固色谱柱称为PLOT (porous-layer open tubular column)柱,将柱内涂层为涂敷有固定液的担体层的毛细管柱称为SCOT (support coated open tubular)柱,这种柱型应用比较少。尽管气-固色谱的使用领域远远小于气-液色谱,但是气-固色谱技术在许多特定的应用领域有着不可替代的作用,例如同位素分析,烃类异构体...
【英文摘要】
Today, gas chromatography (GC) has become the primary technique for analysis and separation of organic compounds, especially for volatile compounds. The gas chromatographic column can be considered the heart of gas chromatography. Gas chromatography is a separation method in which the components of a sample have indifferent partition between gas phase and stationary phase. Capillary open tubular columns were introduced in 1957 by M.J.E.Golay. These columns have a dramatic increase in separation capa...