鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix C.et V)和鳙(Aristichthys nobilis Richardson)是我国重要的淡水经济鱼类,广泛分布于我国黑龙江、长江、和珠江流域,就养殖性能而言长江水系的两种鱼最好。近年来,由于长江受到日益增多的污染和大规模的水利建设等剧烈人类活动的影响,从而使长江水系鲢、鳙野生群体的种质资源受到严重干扰。在现有的养殖模式下,由于种种不科学的繁育,也造成养殖鲢、鳙的优良性状严重退化,如:生长缓慢、性成熟早、个体变小以及抗病力差等;再加上人工养殖群体同野生群体的混杂,以及生态环境的恶化,使鲢、鳙种质资源面临更加严重的威胁。因而,对长江水系鲢、鳙的遗传多样性进行研究,正确评估长江水系鲢、鳙野生群体与养殖群体种质资源现状以及它们之间存在的差异显得尤为必要。本研究采用本课题组与中国海洋大学共同开发的鲢微卫星引物中筛选出的22对用于长江水系野生鲢鳙(野生群体)和人工养殖鲢鳙(养殖群体)的遗传多样性分析,研究结果如下:
(1)通过对长江野生鲢(Yangtze River wild silver carp,YSC)和养殖鲢(Domesti...
【英文摘要】
Silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix C.et V) and Bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis Richardson) are important pond-cultured fish species in our country,and they inhabit widely in the major river basins of China,including Heilong Jiang,Yangtze River and Pearl River.Among the three local populations,the cultured performance of Yangtze River wild population is the best.In recent years,the germplasm of wild silver carp and bighead carp has been endangered by environmental pollution,large-scale water co...